# gst: how turbulent flows grow vorticity at a point.

<< ️(AA) describe how strong vorticity fluctuations appear in three-dimensional incompressible turbulence driven by a large-scale random force. By combining analytical and numerical methods, (They) construct a vorticity instanton: the most probable force history driving the flow to a prescribed large vorticity at a given point and time. >>

<< ️(AA) show how the smooth, large-scale force produces a long vortex filament with a thin, viscous-scale core. (Their) main finding is that the standard mechanism of amplifying a vortex tube through radial compression and axial stretching is only effective up to a threshold value. Producing vorticity above the threshold requires an additional ingredient: vorticity waves propagating along the tube. >>

<< ️The final vorticity is the result of two colliding waves. This mechanism has striking similarities to the one recently suggested by OpenAI for creating infinite vorticity in finite-time Navier--Stokes blow-up. >>

Timo Schorlepp, Vladimir Rosenhaus, Gregory Falkovich. How turbulent flows grow vorticity at a point. arXiv: 2609.13056v1 [physics.flu-dyn]. Sep 11, 2026.

https://arxiv.org/abs/2609.13056

Also: vortex, turbulence, random, waves, in https://www.inkgmr.net/kwrds.html 

Keywords: gst, vortex, turbulence, randomness, waves, vorticity instanton, vortex filaments, colliding waves.

# gst: extreme events in an active fluid medium.

<< ️(AA) observe the emergence of extreme events in an active fluid involving two distinct chemical species that regulate active stress. One species is slow diffusing and the other is fast diffusing, and the growth of the fast-diffusing species is modelled using a nonlinear logistic term. >>

<< ️(AA) demonstrate the presence of extreme events in the temporal evolution of the concentrations, as well as in the spatial profile of the system,in regimes of merging-emerging soliton-like dynamics and spatio-temporal chaos, through analysis of the time-series, bifurcation diagrams, probability distribution functions of the concentration of the two species, return maps and distributions of inter-event intervals. >>

<< ️Interestingly, (They) also find evidence of pronounced bunching of extreme events and super-extreme events in the slow chemical species in the soliton-like regime. (They) go on to systematically explore the dependence of the extreme event occurrences on the Péclet number and the strength of the nonlinear growth term, and find that the probability of extreme events increases after a critical Péclet number, while increasing the nonlinearity suppresses extreme events. >>

<< ️Lastly, in order to gain further insight, (AA) investigate a modified mode-truncated reduced order model comprising of coupled differential equations mimicking this active fluid system. (They) find that this reduced order model also exhibits extreme events whose emergence is correlated with a sudden expansion in attractor size due to a crisis arising from attractor collision. >>

<< ️So these results demonstrate the existence of extreme events in an active fluid system, and are of potential relevance to biological phenomena where active transport plays an important role. >>

Joydeep Das, Abhishek Chaudhuri, Sudeshna Sinha. Extreme Events in an Active Fluid Medium. arXiv: 2609.14334v1 [nlin.PS]. Sep 13, 2026.

https://arxiv.org/abs/2609.14334

Also: chaos, soliton, attractor, in https://www.inkgmr.net/kwrds.html 

Keywords: gst, chaos, solitons, attractors, extreme events, merging-emerging soliton-like dynamics, soliton-like regimes, criticality, active transport.

# gst: permeability of deforming soft particle packs.

<< ️The permeability of the fluid between packs of particles is an important parameter for a range of natural and industrial applications. Here, (AA) start from experiments in which soft spherical particles—“soft balls”—are compressed uniaxially, resulting in particle-particle flattening and an overall decrease in interstitial volume fraction 𝜙 down to very low values. >>

<< ️During deformation, the soft particle packs were scanned in three dimensions using x-ray tomography; (AA) segment these data to isolate the fraction between the particles. (They) then run lattice Boltzmann fluid flow simulations through the domains to determine the permeability. >>

<< ️Additionally, (AA) determine the specific surface area 𝑠 and 𝜙. Together, (They) use these parameters to test and validate a semiempirical extension to a theoretical percolation model, to propose a framework for predicting permeability in deforming soft particle systems. >>

<< ️Once validated, (AA) compare this model to the permeability of the fluid in packs of hard particles and during particle sintering; (They) conclude that this model is applicable to a wide range of initially particulate systems with all the geometric information encoded in 𝑠. >>

Jérémie Vasseur, Fabian B. Wadsworth, Jingwei Zhang, et al. Permeability of deforming soft particle packs. Phys. Rev. E 114, 035424. Sep 18, 2026.

https://journals.aps.org/pre/abstract/10.1103/zpm1-lp4n

Also: particle, in https://www.inkgmr.net/kwrds.html 

Keywords: gst, particles, percolation, permeability, flows in porous media, granular compaction, laminar flows, mechanical deformation, granular materials.

# gst: shear v. stretching as drivers for mixing in 3-D porous media flows.

<< ️Solute mixing in porous media results from the interplay between molecular diffusion and the deformation of fluid parcels, which elongates solute elements and steepens concentration gradients in the pore space. >> 

<< ️In three-dimensional porous media, fluid deformation is asymptotically governed by exponential stretching, arising from the chaotic stretching and folding of fluid elements. However, early-time deformation may be dominated by shear, induced by no-slip boundary conditions at grain surfaces, leading to linear elongation. Yet, the persistence and relative contributions of linear shear and exponential stretching to fluid deformation and solute mixing remain poorly understood. >>

<< ️Here, (AA) address this question using numerical simulations of fluid deformation and mixing in body-centered cubic bead packs, where the rate of chaotic stretching can be varied with the direction of flow, while maintaining the same average shear rate. (They) quantify the mean deformation dynamics of elementary surfaces as a function of their initial orientation with respect to streamlines, and their consequences on mixing through Lagrangian methods. >>

<< ️(AA) show that surface elements with certain initial orientations relative to the streamline direction experience a transient phase of shear-dominated deformation at early times, leading to persistently larger deformation compared to those with initial orientations that yield purely exponential growth. By expressing the deformation components in streamline coordinates, (They) derive approximate analytical expressions linking the different components of fluid deformation to shear, helicity, and chaotic stretching. (They) discuss consequences for the mixing of solute sheets and blobs, highlighting generic behaviors as well as differences between these two representations. >>

Manuel Maeritz, Tanguy Le Borgne, Daniel R. Lester, et al. Shear versus stretching as drivers for mixing in three-dimensional porous media flows. Phys. Rev. Fluids 11, 094501. Sep 17, 2026.

https://journals.aps.org/prfluids/abstract/10.1103/4wyw-nkrb

Also: chaos, transition, in https://www.inkgmr.net/kwrds.html 

Keywords: gst, chaotic advection, fluid deformation, flows in porous media, laminar flows, mixing enhancement, shear flows, chaotic stretching, porous media.

# gst: collective hysteresis and multistability in threshold networks.

<< ️In a mechanistic model of the dawn chorus, Kaye showed that heterogeneous activation thresholds and a shared feedback signal determined by the population's active fraction can produce abrupt collective activation and hysteresis. >>

<< ️(AA) extend this mechanism to a network of interacting agents. Each node has a continuous activation level, and a nonnegative row-stochastic matrix determines how node activities contribute to individual feedback. (They) prove that sufficiently weak feedback yields a unique globally attracting equilibrium. For all feedback strengths, the homogeneous dynamics exactly reproduce Kaye's scalar equation; consequently, network topology does not alter the folds or cusp of the homogeneous branch, and no heterogeneous mode becomes unstable before the homogeneous mode. >>

<< ️For equitable partitions, the network admits an exact quotient system in which nodes within a block receive the same aggregate input from every block. When blocks are uncoupled, the quotient reduces to independent copies of Kaye's scalar equation. (AA) show that every assignment of stable scalar equilibria to blocks persists under sufficiently weak interblock coupling, producing a combinatorial family of stable quotient equilibria that lift to stable full-network equilibria and remain under small perturbations that break exact equitability. >>

<< ️For two symmetrically coupled blocks, branches with unequal block activities terminate at a pair of symmetry-related cusp bifurcations. Near the onset of bistability, (AA) derive scaling laws for the interblock coupling at which these bifurcations occur, the activity difference between the blocks at bifurcation, and the corresponding shift of the external stimulus from the scalar cusp. Numerical continuation confirms the scaling laws for gamma, logistic, and normal threshold distributions. >>

Moses Boudourides. Collective Hysteresis and Multistability in Threshold Networks. arXiv: 2609.10580v1 [cs.SI]. Sep 5, 2026.

https://arxiv.org/abs/2609.10580

Also: network, instability, random, in https://www.inkgmr.net/kwrds.html 

Keywords: gst, hysteresis, collective hysteresis, networks, threshold networks, stability, bistability, multistability, randomness, small perturbations, bifurcations, cusp bifurcations, Kaye's dawn chorus, stochasticity, heterogeneous activation thresholds, weak feedbacks, shared feedback signals, attracting equilibrium.

# gst: reconstructing the information processing capacity of physical systems from noisy observations.

<< ️Driven dynamical systems can compute when their transient states encode complex transformations of past inputs. The information processing capacity (IPC) framework allows for a detailed accounting of these computational properties, however its interpretation in noisy systems has remained incomplete. >>

<< ️In this work, (AA) clarify how noise affects the IPC and how one can reconstruct the noiseless IPC. First, (They) show how to distinguish the dynamics of an unperturbed system from the noise-free component of the stochastic dynamics: The IPC measured for responses averaged over noise realizations is in general not the same as the IPC of the unperturbed system. (They) explicitly demonstrate that noise can redistribute computational capacity and sometimes even enhance performance on particular tasks, rather than merely degrading a fixed computation. (They) then introduce covariance reconstruction by orthogonal projection (CROP), which reconstructs the covariance and IPC of the noise-free component directly from noisy observations, without requiring a detailed model of either the system or the noise. >>

<< ️At fixed total measurement budget, numerical tests on a classical nonlinear reservoir show that CROP estimates the noise-free IPC more accurately than the standard practice of ensemble averaging over repeated trials. (AA) find the same advantage in a quantum reservoir subject to unavoidable measurement noise. (Their) results provide a general route to recovering the computational structure of noisy physical systems from finite observations. >>

Shun Kotoku, Rodrigo Martínez-Peña, Takatomo Mihana, et al. Reconstructing the information processing capacity of physical systems from noisy observations. arXiv: 2609.11268v1 [nlin.AO]. Sep 10, 2026.

https://arxiv.org/abs/2609.11268

Also: noise, in https://www.inkgmr.net/kwrds.html 

Keywords: gst, noise, information processing capacity (IPC), covariance reconstruction by orthogonal projection (CROP), stochasticity.

# gst: thermodynamics of bouncing grains.

<< When a horizontal plate vibrates strongly enough, it causes small particles such as sand grains to continually bounce on it and, over time, to diffuse across its surface. This phenomenon is the cause of the well-known Chladni figure, which is drawn by a higher density of grains gathering along the nodal lines of a resonating elastic plate. >>

<< Using a heterogeneous, nonresonating plate, (AA) investigate experimentally this type of diffusion. (They) find that, for the most part, it is comparable to classical molecular diffusion. (They) can define a temperature for the bouncing grains, and the system then obeys the fluctuation-dissipation theorem. (They) also recover Maxwell-Boltzmann statistics at equilibrium, when temperature is uniform. >>

<< However, when temperature varies across the vibrating plate, the microscopic details of the grains' dynamics affect their macroscopic behavior: Fick's law, for instance, no longer applies. Instead, (Their) experiments support a new transport relation that was recently proposed to represent diffusion in Chladni's experiment. >>

<< Finally, (AA) propose an expression for the heat flux associated to the nonequilibrium steady state predicted by this new relation and test it against observations. >>

O. Devauchelle, P. Popović, P. Szymczak, et al. Thermodynamics of bouncing grains. Phys. Rev. E 114, 025420. Aug 24, 2026.

https://journals.aps.org/pre/abstract/10.1103/zlsc-w7m4

arXiv: 2606.05930v1 [cond-mat.stat-mech]. Jun 4, 2026.

https://arxiv.org/abs/2606.05930

Also: particles, in https://www.inkgmr.net/kwrds.html 

Keywords: gst, particles, active brownian particles, brownian ratchet, granular materials, bouncing grains, vibrating plate, molecular diffusion, fluctuation-dissipation.

# gst: hierarchy in Gilbert's tessellation; multifractal behavior.

<< ️(AA) have introduced two types of hierarchies in a classical Gilbert tessellation. The cascading process that follows gives rise, in both cases, to a tile area distribution function that fits surprisingly well with a generalized gamma function. The latter is a truncated power function which, in turn, in the spirit of Brown’s sequential fragmentation theory, is derived from a stretched exponential hazard function that is also truncated. >>

<< ️This theoretical finding finds a natural counterpart in the experimental observations of Kooij and coworkers [S. Kooij et al., Nat. Commun. 12, 2521 (2021)], according to which the fragmentation of a brittle sample follows two distinct regimes: a random breakup that gives rise to a simple exponential distribution of mass fragments (canonical Gilbert), whereas a hierarchical crushing leads to a power-law distribution (hierarchical Gilbert, in fact g3(x) ∼ x^(c−1) for x → 0). >>

<< ️(AA) study demonstrates that the DG and HG cascade processes (i.e. Dichotomous Gilbert (DG), Hierarchical Gilbert (HG)) display a multifractal nature. Both models produce a heterogeneous distribution with different characteristics, quantitatively described by two different multifractal spectra. A direct, quantitative comparison between (Their) geometric models and specific experimental datasets remains, at present, an open challenge and would require fragmentation experiments capable of resolving a sufficiently wide range of fragment sizes to reliably probe the hierarchy-induced effect. >>

E.Consolini, B.Bonanni, M.Fanfoni. Hierarchy in Gilbert's tessellation: Multifractal behavior. Phys. Rev. E 114, 034120. Sep 11, 2026.

https://journals.aps.org/pre/abstract/10.1103/p5xq-nj2g

Also: fracture, crack, random, behav, in https://www.inkgmr.net/kwrds.html 

Keywords: gst, fracture, crack, randomness, fragmentation process, fragment-size distribution, scale-free behavior, 2-D random tessellation, fractals, multifractal systems, multifractal scaling. 

# behav: collective turns in spinless flocks.

<< ️Using a minimal aggregation-based model, (AA) address the efficient information transfer observed in natural flocks during collective turns. In (Their) system, the turning signal emitted by a single individual propagates throughout the collective primarily at a constant speed. >>

<< ️To characterize the source of this capability, (AA) analyze the system in the continuum limit. Thus, (They) demonstrate that wave-propagating features arise solely from the nonreciprocal nature of interactions. (They) explore spectral anomalies that emerge due to this mechanism and provide an explanation through a perturbative analysis. >>

<< ️Remarkably, within this scenario, the description of velocity fluctuations is found to follow a structure analogous to a Born approximation. (Their) model can be extended to study other physical contexts exhibiting polar order, and (Their) arguments can be tested in natural systems. >>

Joao Lizárraga, Marcus A. M. de Aguiar. Collective turns in spinless flocks. Phys. Rev. E 114, 035401. Sep 1, 2026.

https://journals.aps.org/pre/abstract/10.1103/6976-lcw7

arXiv: 2511.17804v2 [nlin.AO]. Nov 21, 2025.

https://arxiv.org/abs/2511.17804

Also: behav, flock, flocking, fluctuations, waves, in https://www.inkgmr.net/kwrds.html 

Keywords: behavior, flock, flocking, fluctuations, waves, collective turns, turning signals.

# life: early warning signals can vanish or amplify; dimensionality in complex systems.

<< Early warning signals (EWS), such as increasing variance and autocorrelation, are widely used to anticipate critical transitions associated with saddle-node bifurcations. However, real-world systems are often high-dimensional and multiscale, potentially altering the classical behavior of EWS. >>

<< Here, (AA) investigate how dimensionality, inertia, and red noise influence the detectability of EWS prior to tipping points. (They) show that when observations are not aligned with the critical direction, stable dynamics in orthogonal directions can mask EWS until very near the bifurcation. >>

<< (AA) further demonstrate that second-order dynamics with damping modify the autocorrelation structure and may either enhance or reduce signatures of critical slowing down. >> 

<< Finally, (AA) study how colored noise influences EWS. (Their) results show that the presence and strength of EWS are not universal properties of tipping systems but depend critically on system geometry and stochastic forcing, implying that the absence of detectable EWS does not necessarily rule out an approaching critical transition. >>

Susanne Ditlevsen, Peter Ditlevsen. Early Warning Signals Can Vanish or Amplify: Dimensionality in Complex Systems. arXiv: 2609.01164v1 [math.DS]. Sep 1, 2026.

https://arxiv.org/abs/2609.01164

Also: noise, transition, in https://www.inkgmr.net/kwrds.html 

Keywords: gst, noise, transitions, early warning signals (EWS), criticality, saddle-node bifurcations, dimensionality, inertia, red noise, colored noise, tipping points, critical slowing down, stochastic forcing.

# gst: buckling prediction for nonlinear elastic beams with soft inclusions.

<< (AA) develop an efficient and accurate multiscale computational framework for predicting the buckling and post-buckling behaviour of elastic beams containing periodically distributed soft inclusions. The framework extends (Their) previous multiscale, patch, computational homogenisation for linear elasticity by incorporating nonlinearity, and thus enables accurate prediction of both the buckling onset and the subsequent post-buckling response. >>

<< The (AA) results show that reducing the inclusion stiffness lowers both the critical buckling strain and the critical buckling stress, indicating an increased susceptibility to instability, while producing a milder post-buckling response with smaller transverse deflections and stress drops. Eigenvalue analysis of the Jacobian matrix accurately predicts the onset of instability and the corresponding critical strain and stress. Bifurcation diagrams of the nonlinear buckled configurations under compressive loading, and a quantitative analysis of the effect of the interpolation order on the predicted buckling and post-buckling responses, are also presented. >>

<< Comparisons with full-domain simulations demonstrate that the proposed framework accurately predicts both the buckling threshold and the post-buckling behaviour while substantially reducing the computational cost. The methodology is readily extendable to heterogeneous beams, plates, shells, and other engineering structures. >>

Thien Tran-Duc, J.E. Bunder, A.J. Roberts. Buckling Prediction for Nonlinear Elastic Beams with Soft Inclusions. arXiv: 2609.02956v1 [math.NA]. Sep 2, 2026.

https://arxiv.org/abs/2609.02956

Also: elastic, instability, transition, fracture, crack, in https://www.inkgmr.net/kwrds.html 

Keywords: gst, elasticity, instability, transitions, buckling, post-buckling, buckling threshold, elastic beams, linear- nonlinear elasticity, criticality, critical buckling strain, critical buckling stress. 

# gst: still apropos of particle rafts, Marangoni swimmer pushing particle raft under 1D confinement.

<< Active matter systems, due to their spontaneous self-propulsion ability, hold potential for future applications in healthcare and environmental sustainability. Marangoni swimmers, a type of synthetic active matter, are a common model system for understanding the underlying physics. >>

<< Existing studies of the interactions of active matter with passive particles have mostly focused on the modification of the behavior of the passive particles. In contrast, (AA) analyse here experimentally the impact on the self-propulsion of camphor-infused agarose disks (active) of their interactions with floating hollow glass microspheres (passive) within an annular channel. >>

<< Two distinct regimes are observed: a steady regime with uni-directional motion of the swimmer at low packing fractions (ϕ_ini ≲ 0.45) and an oscillatory regime with to-and-fro motion at higher packing fractions (ϕ_ini ≳ 0.45). In the former, the swimmer pushes nearly the entire particle raft together with it, like a towing cargo, causing a decrease in swimmer speed with increasing packing fraction due to the additional drag from the particle raft. A simplified force-balance model is finally proposed that captures the experimental trend in swimmer speed reasonably well. >>

Abhradeep Maitra, Anupam Pandey, Sebastien Michelin, et al. Marangoni swimmer pushing particle raft under 1D confinement. arXiv: 2508.15205v1 [cond-mat.soft]. Aug 21, 2025.

https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.15205

Also: particle, waves, instability, transition, in https://www.inkgmr.net/kwrds.html 

Keywords: gst, particles, waves, instability, transitions, active matter systems, spontaneous self-propulsion, Marangoni swimmers, particle rafts.

# gst: densely packed particle raft at vertically vibrated air-water interface.

<< ️(AA) investigate the dynamics of a dense raft of millimeter-sized granular particles at a vertically vibrated air-water interface, which displays a rich set of patterns and particle dynamics as we vary the vibration amplitude, frequency, and particle packing fraction. >>

<< ️While the classical parametric instability with standing waves still occurs over a certain range of parameters, the measured wave dispersion relations indicate an increasing role of the raft's emergent elasticity at higher packing fractions, where the effective surface tension decreases and the out-of-plane bending modulus increases. >>

<< ️At higher vibration frequencies and lower amplitudes, (They) identify a regime without standing waves. Instead, individual particles exhibit thermal-like motion, with transport crossing over from diffusive to sub-diffusive as the packing fraction increases. >>

<< ️The particle dynamics also display spatial and temporal heterogeneity, as in supercooled liquids. Starting from this regime, when the vibration amplitude is further increased, a large cavity eventually forms inside the raft, whose size and shape depend on the vibration frequency and the injected vibration energy. The cavitation results in the coexistence of free-surface water waves inside the cavity and thermal-like particle motion in the surrounding raft. >>

Xiuhe Yan, Tabitha C. Watson, Hongyi Xiao. Densely packed particle raft at vertically vibrated air-water interface. Phys. Rev. E 114, 025427. Aug 31, 2026.

https://journals.aps.org/pre/abstract/10.1103/95rf-w6fd

arXiv: 2602.17539v2 [cond-mat.soft]. 

https://arxiv.org/abs/2602.17539

Also: particle, waves, instability, transition, elastic, chaos, in https://www.inkgmr.net/kwrds.html 

Keywords: gst, particles, waves, instability,  transitions, elasticity, chaos, granular particles, air-water interface, raft elasticity, emergence of patterns, surface & interfacial phenomena, granular materials.

# life: mudskippers use tail thrusting to help crutching to move on mud of various wetness.

<< ️At the water-land interface, amphibious fishes encounter wet flowable substrates made of granular solid-water mixtures, which can stay solid or flow like a fluid. As these substrates become wetter or drier, their yield strength (at which solid-fluid transition occurs) and cohesion (how sticky they are) both change, challenging locomotion. Despite substantial understanding of tetrapod locomotion on flowable substrates (mostly dry sand), we know little about how amphibious fishes cope with wet flowable substrates of various wetness. >>

<< ️Here, (AA) studied mudskippers on clay mud of controlled, variable wetness over the range where solid-fluid transition occurs. As mud became wetter, its strength decreased by 100-fold, leading the animal to sink deeper, with larger areas of body and fins contacting mud. By contrast, mud stuck most easily at intermediate wetness. The increased sinkage and contact and stickiness change caused more mud to stick to and pull against the animal on wetter mud. >>

<< ️(AA) also tested dry mud, which stuck to animal fins as its mucus dried. Despite these challenges, the mudskipper predominately used a conserved crutching gait on all except the wettest mud tested, with a modest performance reduction. When normal crutching became less effective, the animal assisted it with tail thrusting, by bending and straightening it to push downward and backward to generate additional thrust and lift, or even thrusting the tail to jump. >>

<< ️These observations suggest that mudskipper's crutching motor program is well adapted to its native muddy substrates but inflexible, with most novelty in tail use. >>

Divya Ramesh, Gargi Sadalgekar, Jiangqi Tan, et al. Mudskippers use tail thrusting to help crutching to move on mud of various wetness. arXiv: 2609.00564v1 [physics.bio-ph]. Sep 1, 2026.

https://arxiv.org/abs/2609.00564

Also: walk, walking, dance, transition, in https://www.inkgmr.net/kwrds.html 

Keywords: life, locomotion, walk, walking, dance, transitions, wet flowable substrates, granular solid-water mixtures, solid-fluid transitions, mudskippers. 

# gst: noise-shaped synchrony in neuronal oscillator networks.

<< ️Stochastic fluctuations often act as promoters of activity in excitable and oscillatory systems, giving rise to phenomena such as coherence resonance. Here, (AA) show that in the low-intensity regime, noise plays a dual role in weakly coupled neuronal units: It can both inhibit collective spiking and, with increasing intensity, restore coordinated activity. For a ring of diffusively coupled, oscillatory FitzHugh-Nagumo neurons, (They) demonstrate how the interplay of noise and coupling strength organizes a rich set of collective dynamical states. >> 

<< ️(AA) systematically classify emergent dynamical scenarios by an in-depth time-series analysis that integrates multiple complementary measures. (They) are able to automatically identify five distinct dynamical clusters in parameter space: pure noise, quiescent state, noisy synchronization, complete synchronization, and intermittent switching. (Their) workflow provides a general, automated framework for characterizing collective dynamics in coupled oscillator networks. >>

Max Contreras, Philipp Hövel. Noise-shaped synchrony in neuronal oscillator networks. Phys. Rev. E 114, L022302. Aug 26, 2026. 

https://journals.aps.org/pre/abstract/10.1103/sxl4-6mdm

Also: noise, brain, neuro, disorder & fluctuations, random, intermittency, network, in https://www.inkgmr.net/kwrds.html 

Keywords: gst, noise, brain, disorder, fluctuations, randomness, networks, coupled oscillator networks, stochasticity, stochastic fluctuations, coherence resonance, collective spiking inhibition, restored coordinated activity, pure noise, quiescent state, noisy synchronization, complete synchronization, intermittent switching.

# gst: braids of three strands and geodesics shooting in SL_2(R).

<< ️(AA) describe in detail and provide computer code for constructing optimal geometric braids of three strands from algebraic data encoding the braiding pattern. >>

<< ️The exposition is complete and multi-pronged, aimed at a broad spectrum of readers. (Numerous figures are the backbone of the narrative and should be viewed in color.) >>

Jaroslaw (Jarek) Kwapisz. Braids of Three Strands and Geodesics Shooting in SL_2(R). arXiv: 2608.21484v1 [math.DG]. Aug 21, 2026.

https://arxiv.org/abs/2608.21484

Also: perception, metamorphosis, transition, in https://www.inkgmr.net/kwrds.html 

Keywords: gst, perception, metamorphosis, transitions. 

# gst: the ultimate state of elastic turbulence.

<< The asymptotic properties, with vanishing viscosity, of inertial turbulence in Newtonian fluids have been of intense scrutiny over the years. Much less is known about elastic turbulence - a distinct spatio-temporally chaotic state exhibited by viscoelastic fluids. >>

<< In this work, using direct numerical simulations of turbulence in a triperiodic box, (AA) show that elastic turbulence achieves an ultimate state with increasing polymer relaxation time, i.e., the Deborah number, for two different constitutive models (Oldroyd-B and FENE-P). >>

<< In the limiting state, various bulk quantities - the fluid dissipation, the polymeric energy transfer, as well as the elastic stresses - are shown to become independent of the polymer relaxation time scale, notwithstanding the microstructure deformation scales distinctly depending on the model. >>

Piyush Garg, Marco Edoardo Rosti. The ultimate state of elastic turbulence. arXiv: 2608.26479v1 [physics.flu-dyn]. Aug 27, 2026.

https://arxiv.org/abs/2608.26479

Also: elastic, turbulence, chaos, in https://www.inkgmr.net/kwrds.html 

Keywords: gst, elasticity, turbulence, chaos, vanishing viscosity, inertial turbulence, elastic turbulence, elastic stress, viscoelastic fluids, polymer relaxation.

# gst: self-organizing chimera states in adaptive networks.

<< ️(AA) propose a minimal adaptive network model with product-form coupling that reduces dimensionality while capturing key features of synaptic plasticity. The system spontaneously self-organizes into adaptive chimera states, where identical oscillators separate into synchronized and desynchronized groups through adaptive weight dynamics. >>

<< These adaptive chimeras organize into branches with fixed coherent cluster fraction and exhibit transitions between stationary, breathing, and chaotic collective dynamics, revealing a collective bifurcation structure. Crucially, the resulting attractor landscape is highly multistable: repeated cluster reorganizations generate distinct dynamical pathways that coexist within the same parameter regime and depend sensitively on initial conditions. >>

Felix Augustsson, Rok Cestnik, Matthias Wolfrum, et al. Self-organizing Chimera States in Adaptive Networks. arXiv: 2608.20517v1 [nlin.AO]. Aug 20, 2026.

https://arxiv.org/abs/2608.20517

Also: chimera, self-assembly, network, chaos, transition, brain, in https://www.inkgmr.net/kwrds.html 

Keywords: gst, chimera, self-assembly, networks, transitions, brain, oscillators, adaptive chimera, synaptic plasticity, synchronized- desynchronized stationary states, breathing, chaotic collective dynamics, collective bifurcations, multistable attractors.

# gst: hypothesis of stable rotating vortex clusters in three-dimensional quantum droplets

<< ️(AA) predict a new type of stable three-dimensional (3D) vortex quantum droplets in binary Bose-Einstein condensate arranged into ring clusters that per-sistently rotate in the external potential. In contrast to clusters composed from localized quantum droplets, the states introduced here represent interacting vortex lines with identical topological charges nested in common 3D envelope and existing in much broader parameter range in comparison with local-ized quantum droplets. >>

<< ️The intricate interplay between mean-field nonlinearity of Bose-Einstein condensate, quantum fluctuations described by Lee-Huang-Yang correction, Coriolis force arising due to rotation, and external potential leads to substantial variations of cluster shape upon increase of its rotation frequency. >>

<< ️Rotating vortex clusters bifurcate from single-vortex quantum droplets and exist only above critical value of the rotation frequency that decreases with increase of chemical potential and depends on the number of vortex lines in the cluster. The radius of the cluster decreases with increase of rotation frequency and weakly varies with chemical potential, which determines mostly localization of the individual vortices in cluster and overall width of its envelope. >>

<< ️Vortex droplet clusters are very robust objects existing in stable form in wide intervals of the number of particles for any number (odd or even) of vortex lines forming them. (AA) results may open the route to observation of stable arrays of vortex lines of different configurations per-forming regular collective motion in condensate. >>

Liangwei Dong, Yaroslav V. Kartashov. Stable rotating vortex clusters in three-dimensional quantum droplets. arXiv: 2608.24036v1 [nlin.PS]. Aug 25, 2026.

https://arxiv.org/abs/2608.24036

Also: Vortex solitons in twisted circular waveguide arrays. Ago 22, 2022. https://flashontrack.blogspot.com/2022/08/gst-vortex-solitons-in-twisted-circular.html

Also: vortex, drop, droplet, droploid, in https://www.inkgmr.net/kwrds.html 

Keywords: gst, vortex, drops, droplets.