# gst: multiphase transitions and existence of bistable modes; how morphoelastic donuts get their wrinkles

<< Many biological structures are toroidal, or donut shaped. These structures often contain intricate wrinkling patterns that change as the object grows or contracts. >>

<< The team found that toroidal structures with large holes typically develop surface wrinkles close to the hole, whereas ones with smaller holes tend to form them away from the hole. Additionally, soft structures often have localized dimples, while stiff ones have bidirectional stripes or a mixture of spiral and axisymmetric stripes. Lastly, moderate-stiffness structures are typically adorned with periodic hexagonal patterns or a combination of hexagonal and labyrinth-like patterns. (AA) also found that their theory can predict wrinkling patterns in some nontoroidal structures, suggesting that it could be applied to a diverse range of objects. >>

Ryan Wilkinson. How Nature’s Donuts Get Their Wrinkles. Physics 16, s5. Jan 25, 2023. 

https://physics.aps.org/articles/v16/s5

T. Wang et al. Curvature-regulated multiphase patterns in tori. Phys. Rev. Lett. 130, 048201. Jan 25, 2023.

https://journals.aps.org/prl/abstract/10.1103/PhysRevLett.130.048201

Also

keyword 'transition' | 'transitional' in FonT

https://flashontrack.blogspot.com/search?q=transition

https://flashontrack.blogspot.com/search?q=transitional

keyword 'transition' | 'transizion*' in Notes (quasi-stochastic poetry)

https://inkpi.blogspot.com/search?q=transition

https://inkpi.blogspot.com/search?q=transizione

https://inkpi.blogspot.com/search?q=transizioni

Keywords: gst, morphogenesis, transitions, multiphase transitions, bistability, pattern formation, elastic deformation, mechanical deformation