# gst: bubble phases sliding over periodically modulated substrates

AA << analyze a bubble-forming system composed of particles with competing long-range repulsive and short-range attractive interactions driven over a quasi-one-dimensional periodic substrate. >>️

They << find various pinned and sliding phases as a function of substrate strength and drive amplitude. When the substrate is weak, a pinned bubble phase appears that depins elastically into a sliding bubble lattice. For stronger substrates, (AA) find anisotropic bubbles, disordered bubbles, and stripe phases. Plastic depinning occurs via the hopping of individual particles from one bubble to the next in a pinned bubble lattice, and as the drive increases, there is a transition to a state where all of the bubbles are moving but are continuously shedding and absorbing individual particles. This is followed at high drives by a moving bubble lattice in which the particles can no longer escape their individual bubbles. >>️

<< When the bubbles shrink due to an increase in the attractive interaction term, they fit better inside the pinning troughs and become more strongly pinned, leading to a reentrant pinning phase. For weaker attractive terms, the size of the bubbles becomes greater than the width of the pinning troughs and the depinning becomes elastic with a reduced depinning threshold. >>

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C. Reichhardt, C.J.O. Reichhardt. Sliding dynamics for bubble phases on periodic modulated substrates. Phys. Rev. Research 6, 023116. May 2, 2024.

https://journals.aps.org/prresearch/abstract/10.1103/PhysRevResearch.6.023116

Also: bubble, elastic, transition, in https://www.inkgmr.net/kwrds.html 

Keywords: gst, bubble, pinned bubble, elastic, transition