# gst: rotation sets and topological entropy for random circle endomorphisms.

<< ️(AA) study the topological dynamics of random circle endomorphisms of degree one over an ergodic measure-preserving dynamical system. Under an integrability assumption, (They) prove that the random rotation set is almost surely the compact interval whose endpoints are the mean random rotation numbers of the associated lower and upper random maps. (They) also show that the natural orbitwise versions of the random rotation set agree almost surely, and on the same full-measure set, every value in this interval is realised as the asymptotic average displacement along an individual orbit. >>

<< ️In addition, every closed subinterval of the random rotation set is realised, on a full-measure set, as the set of accumulation values of the displacement averages along a single orbit. ️Finally, (AA) prove that a positive length of the random rotation set implies a positive random topological entropy, in contrast to random monotone maps, which have zero random topological entropy. (They) illustrate the theory by computing the random rotation set and random topological entropy for a piecewise linear example. >>

Zixu Li, Simon Lloyd, Sergio Romaña. Rotation Sets and Topological Entropy for Random Circle Endomorphisms. arXiv: 2606.16498v1 [math.DS]. Jun 15, 2026.

https://arxiv.org/abs/2606.16498

Keywords: gst, randomness, random rotations, entropy.