# gst: elastoplastic modelling of cyclic shear deformation of amorphous solids.

IMG - Per site elastic energy evolution for poorly vs well annealed samples.

<< ️(AA) develop an energy-landscape based elasto-plastic model to understand the behaviour of amorphous solids under uniform and cyclic shear. Amorphous solids are modeled as being composed of mesoscopic sub-volumes, each of which may occupy states - termed mesostates -- drawn from a specified distribution. The energies of the mesostates under stress free conditions determine their stability range with respect to applied strain, and their plastic strain, at which they are stress free, forms an important additional property. Under applied global strain, mesostates that reach their stability limits transition to other permissible mesostates. Barring such transitions, which encompass plastic deformations that the solid may undergo, mesostates are treated as exhibiting linear elastic behavior, and the interactions between mesoscopic blocks are treated using the finite element method.  >>

<< ️The (AA) model reproduces known phenomena under uniform and cyclic shear, such as the brittle-to-ductile crossover with annealing and the Bauschinger effect for uniform shear, qualitative features of the yielding diagram under cyclic shear including the change in yielding behaviour with the degree of annealing, across a `threshold level', and dynamic phenomena such as the divergence of failure times on approach to the yield point and the non-monotonic evolution of the local yield rate.  >>

<< ️In addition to these results, (They) discuss the dependence of the observed behaviour on model choices, and open questions highlighted by (Their) work. >>

Pushkar Khandare, Srikanth Sastry. Elastoplastic Modelling of Cyclic Shear Deformation of Amorphous Solids. arXiv: 2602.06174v2 [cond-mat.soft]. Feb 5,  2026.

https://arxiv.org/abs/2602.06174

Also: transition, in https://www.inkgmr.net/kwrds.htmlhttps://www.inkgmr.net/kwrds.html 

Keywords: gst, transitions, amorphous solids, cyclic shear, mesostates, mesoscopic sub-volumes, plastic strain, plastic deformation, linear elastic behavior, stability limits transition, brittle-to-ductile crossover, divergence of failure times.

# gst: dynamics of small bubbles in turbulence in non-dilute conditions.

<< Turbulent flows laden with small bubbles are ubiquitous in many natural and industrial environments. From the point of view of numerical modeling, to be able to handle a very large number of small bubbles in direct numerical simulations, one traditionally relies on the one-way coupling paradigm. There, bubbles are passively advected and are noninteracting, implicitly assuming dilute conditions. >>

<< Here, (AA) study bubbles that are four-way coupled, where both the feedback on the fluid and excluded-volume interactions between bubbles are taken into account. (They) find that, while the back reaction from the bubble phase onto the fluid phase remains energetically small under most circumstances, the excluded-volume interactions between bubbles can have a significant influence on the Lagrangian statistics of the bubble dynamics. (They) show that as the volume fraction of bubbles increases, the preferential concentration of bubbles in filamentary high-vorticity regions decreases as these strong vortical structures get filled up; this happens at a volume fraction of around one percent for Re𝜆=𝒪⁡(10^2). >>

<< (AA) furthermore study the influence on the Lagrangian velocity-structure function as well as pair dispersion, and find that, while the mean dispersive behavior remains close to that obtained from one-way coupling simulations, some evident signatures of bubble collisions can be retrieved from the structure functions and the distribution of the dispersion, even at very small volume fractions. >>

Xander M. de Wit, Hessel J. Adelerhof, André Freitas, et al. Dynamics of small bubbles in turbulence in non-dilute conditions. Phys. Rev. Fluids 11, 024602. Feb 5, 2026.

https://journals.aps.org/prfluids/abstract/10.1103/ny7h-wlxl

arXiv: 2510.03968v2 [physics.flu-dyn]. Jan 29, 2026.

https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.03968

Also: bubble, turbulence, in https://www.inkgmr.net/kwrds.html 

Keywords: gst, bubble, bubble dynamics, bubble collisions, turbulence, one-way coupling, four-way coupling.

# life: the role played by women in shaping human evolution.

<< ️(AA) have used ancient DNA to reveal that hunter-gatherers in one part of Europe survived for thousands of years longer than anywhere else on the continent—and have uncovered the pivotal role of women in the process >>

<< ️Ancient DNA studies often bring to light unexpected pages of our past. We might anticipate finding the unexpected when analyzing samples from unexplored or peripheral regions of the globe. But here we are looking at the heartland of Europe, making these results even more striking. It's a testament to the power of ancient DNA studies that findings like these can still surprise us. This study has also brought to light the crucial role played by women in the transmission of knowledge from the incoming farming communities to the local hunter-gatherers. Thanks to ancient DNA studies, we can not only uncover the past but also give voice to the invaluable but often overlooked role played by women in shaping human evolution. >> Maria Pala. 

Gaby Clark, Robert Egan. Ancient DNA suggests hunter-gatherers in Europe's lowlands endured until 2500 BCE. University of Huddersfield. http://www.hud.ac.uk  Feb 11, 2026.

https://phys.org/news/2026-02-ancient-dna-hunter-europe-lowlands.html 

Olalde, I., Altena, E., Bourgeois, Q. et al. Lasting Lower Rhine–Meuse forager ancestry shaped Bell Beaker expansion. Nature (2026). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-026-10111-8

Also: Nomads, transition, in https://www.inkgmr.net/kwrds.html 

Keywords: Nomads, transitions, life

# gst: spatial self-organization driven by temporal noise.

<< ️The counterintuitive emergence of order from noise is a central phenomenon in science, ranging from pattern formation and synchronization to order-by-disorder in frustrated systems. While large-scale spatial self-organization induced by local spatial noise is well studied, whether temporal noise can also drive such organization remains an open question. >>

<< ️Here, by studying interacting particle systems, (AA) show that temporally correlated noise can lead to a self-organized state with suppressed long-range density fluctuations, or hyperuniformity. Further, (They) develop a fluctuating hydrodynamic theory that quantitatively explains the origin of this phenomenon. >>

<< ️Finally, by casting the dynamics as a stochastic optimization problem, (They) show that temporal correlations lead to better solutions, akin to perturbed gradient descent in neural networks -- where noise is injected during training to escape poor minima. This reveals a striking correspondence between perturbed gradient descent dynamics on the energy landscapes of particle systems and the loss landscapes of neural networks. >>

Satyam Anand, Guanming Zhang, Stefano Martiniani. Spatial self-organization driven by temporal noise. arXiv: 2601.23098v1 [cond-mat.soft]. Jan 30, 2026.

https://arxiv.org/abs/2601.23098

Also: self-assembly, noise, order, disorder, disorder & fluctuations, particle, escape, network, in https://www.inkgmr.net/kwrds.html 

Keywords: gst, self-assembly, noise, order, disorder, disorder & fluctuations, particles, networks, neural networks, spatial noise, temporal noise, noise-driven self-organization.

# phys: probing quantum mechanics with nanoparticle matter-wave interferometry.

<< ️The quantum superposition principle is a fundamental concept of physics and the basis of numerous quantum technologies. Yet, it is still often regarded counterintuitive because we do not observe its key features on the macroscopic scales of our daily lives. It is, therefore, interesting to ask how quantum properties persist or change as we increase the size and complexity of objects. >>

<< ️A model test for this question can be realized by matter-wave interferometry, in which the motion of individual massive particles becomes delocalized and needs to be described by a wave function that spans regions far larger than the particle itself. Over the years, this has been explored with a series of objects of increasing mass and complexity and a growing community aims at pushing this to ever larger limits. >>

<< ️Here (AA) present an experimental platform that extends matter-wave interference to large metal clusters, a qualitatively new material class for quantum experiments. (They) specifically demonstrate quantum interference of sodium nanoparticles, which can each contain more than 7,000 atoms at masses greater than 170,000 Da. They propagate in a Schrödinger cat state with a macroscopicity of μ = 15.5, surpassing previous experiments by an order of magnitude. >>

Sebastian Pedalino, Bruno E. Ramírez-Galindo, Richard Ferstl, et al. Probing quantum mechanics with nanoparticle matter-wave interferometry. Nature 649, 866–870. Jan 21, 2026.

https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-025-09917-9

Also: keyword 'quantum' in FonT

https://flashontrack.blogspot.com/search?q=quantum

Keywords: particles, quantum mechanics, quantum superposition.

# gst: rising bubbles draw surface patterns.

<< ️Small bubbles rising in a chain can self-organize into regular patterns upon reaching a liquid's free surface. This phenomenon is investigated (by AA) through direct numerical simulations. By varying the bubble release period, distinct branching patterns characterized by different numbers of arms are observed. These macroscopic patterns are found to stem from localized interactions between the bubbles, the free surface, and the surrounding liquid flow. >>

<< A heuristic model is proposed that quantitatively relates the number of arms to the bubble release period and predicts the probability of observing specific arm counts. This (AA) study provides insights into broader nonlinear pattern formation and self-organization phenomena. >>

Dabao Li, Lang Qin, Zhigang Zuo, et al. Rising bubbles draw surface patterns: A numerical study. Phys. Rev. Fluids 11, 023602. Feb 6, 2026.

https://journals.aps.org/prfluids/abstract/10.1103/bd6d-fwmn

arXiv: 2509.01315v2 [physics.flu-dyn]. Jan 27, 2026.

https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.01315

Also: bubble, self-assembly, in https://www.inkgmr.net/kwrds.html 

Keywords: gst, bubble, self-assembly, branching patterns.

# gst: fractals in rate-induced tipping.

<< ️When parameters of a dynamical system change sufficiently fast, critical transitions can take place even in the absence of bifurcations. This phenomenon is known as rate-induced tipping and has been reported in a variety of systems, from simple ordinary differential equations and maps to mathematical models in climate sciences and ecology. In most examples, the transition happens at a critical rate of parameter change, a rate-induced tipping point, and is associated with a simple unstable orbit (edge state). >>

<< ️In this work, (AA) show how this simple picture changes when non-attracting fractal sets exist in the autonomous system, a ubiquitous situation in non-linear dynamics. (They) show that these fractals in phase space induce fractals in parameter space, which control the rates and parameter changes that result in tipping. (They) explain how such rate-induced fractals appear and how the fractal dimensions of the different sets are related to each other. >>

<< ️(AA) illustrate (Their) general theory in three paradigmatic systems: a piecewise linear one-dimensional map, the two-dimensional Hénon map, and a forced pendulum. >>

Jason Qianchuan Wang, Yi Zheng, Eduardo G. Altmann. Fractals in rate-induced tipping. arXiv: 2601.16373v1 [nlin.CD]. Jan 23, 2026.

https://arxiv.org/abs/2601.16373

Also: transition, pendulum, in https://www.inkgmr.net/kwrds.html 

Keywords: gst, transitions, pendulum, forced pendulum, fractals, absence of bifurcations, rate-induced tipping, criticality.