AA << have developed mathematical tools that send that shot across the bow-they determine when randomness emerges in any stochastic (random) system, answering a long-standing question: When does randomness set in during a random walk? >>
<< We are trying to describe an effect as exactly as possible irrespective of the cause. >> Rajan K. Chakrabarty
<< physicists normally solve problems by mathematically describing a cause and effect and marrying the two for a solution. But this new tool cares nothing about the cause, only about mathematically capturing the effect. >>
Tony Fitzpatrick. New tools reveal prelude to chaos. Washington University in St. Louis. Jun 6, 2018
https://m.phys.org/news/2018-06-tools-reveal-prelude-chaos.html
Pai Liu, William R. Heinson, et al. Establishing the kinetics of ballistic-to-diffusive transition using directional statistics. Phys. Rev. E 97, 042102. Apr 4, 2018.
https://journals.aps.org/pre/abstract/10.1103/PhysRevE.97.042102
