# physics: SQUID, a probe at the boundary between 'quantum' and 'classic' worlds

<< A new device that relies on flowing clouds of ultracold atoms promises potential tests of the intersection between the weirdness of the quantum world and the familiarity of the macroscopic world we experience every day. The atomtronic Superconducting QUantum Interference Device (SQUID) is also potentially useful for ultrasensitive rotation measurements and as a component in quantum computers. >>

AA << created the device by trapping cold atoms in a sheet of laser light. A second laser intersecting the sheet "painted" patterns that guided the atoms into two semicircles separated by small gaps known as Josephson Junctions. When the SQUID is rotated and the Josephson Junctions are moved toward each other, the populations of atoms in the semicircles change as a result of quantum mechanical interference of currents through Josephson Junctions. By counting the atoms in each section of the semicircle, the researchers can very precisely determine the rate the system is rotating.>>

James Riordon. Atomtronic device could probe boundary between quantum, everyday worlds. Los Alamos National Laboratory. July 17, 2020.

https://phys.org/news/2020-07-atomtronic-device-probe-boundary-quantum.html

C. Ryu, E. C. Samson, M. G. Boshier. Quantum interference of currents in an atomtronic SQUID. Nat Commun 11, 3338. doi: 10.1038/ s41467-020-17185-6. Jul 3, 2020.

https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-020-17185-6

# gst: ab.normal (fuzzy, bizarre) Nature; apparently, ancient bacterial parasites could have used CRISPR to self-defense and 'interference' for Ma ...

<< In recent years, the development of CRISPR technologies and gene-editing scissors in particular have taken the world by storm. Indeed, scientists have learned how to harness these clever natural systems in the biotech and pharmaceutical industries, among other areas. >>

<< New research (..) shows that we are not the first to find a way to exploit the benefits of the CRISPR technique. Apparently, primitive bacterial parasites have been doing so for millions of years. >>

<< Until recently, CRISPR-Cas was believed to be a defense system used by bacteria to protect themselves against invading parasites such as viruses, much like our very own immune system protects us. However, it appears that CRISPR is a tool that can be used for different purposes by diverse biological entities, (..) Here we found evidence that certain plasmids use type IV CRISPR-Cas systems to fight other plasmids competing over the same bacterial host. >> Rafael Pinilla-Redondo.

Humans are not the first to repurpose CRISPR. University of Copenhagen. Mar 24, 2020.

https://phys.org/news/2020-03-humans-repurpose-crispr.html

Rafael Pinilla-Redondo, David Mayo-Muñoz, et al. Type IV CRISPR–Cas systems are highly diverse and involved in competition between plasmids.  Nucleic Acids Research, Vol. 48, Issue 4, Pages 2000–12. doi: 10.1093/nar/gkz1197. Dec 27, 2019.

https://academic.oup.com/nar/article/48/4/2000/5687823

Also

keyword 'CRISPR' (Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeat) in PubMed:

 "CRISPR"[all] AND (Review[ptyp]) AND ("last 3 years"[PDat])

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/

keyword 'CRISPR' in FonT:

https://flashontrack.blogspot.com/search?q=crispr

keyword 'interferenza' | 'interferente' in Notes (quasi-stochastic poetry):

https://inkpi.blogspot.com/search?q=interferenza

https://inkpi.blogspot.com/search?q=interferente

# gst: apropos of elusive interference effects (at the nanoscale)

AA << investigate and characterize a subspace of the weak coupling regime between quasidiscrete and quasicontinuum localized surface plasmon resonances where infrared plasmonic Fano antiresonances appear.  >>

Kevin C. Smith, Agust Olafsson, et al.  Direct Observation of Infrared Plasmonic Fano Antiresonances by a Nanoscale Electron Probe. Phys. Rev. Lett. 123, 177401. 21 Oct 21,  2019. 

https://journals.aps.org/prl/abstract/10.1103/PhysRevLett.123.177401

<< In 1961, atomic physicist Ugo Fano theorized that electrons harbor another and unexpected talent: They can interfere with themselves as they simultaneously take two different quantum-mechanical paths. On one path, they jump within the atom between discrete energy states. On the other path, they jump off the atom into the continuum of free space. >>

<< Fano described a complicated-and even counterintuitive-type of energy transfer that can occur in these systems, (..) It's like having two children on neighboring swings that are weakly coupled to each other: You push one child, but that swing isn't the one that moves. Instead, the other child's swing moves due to this interference. It's a one-way energy transfer. >> David Masiello.

Team uses golden 'lollipop' to observe elusive interference effect at the nanoscale. University of Washington. 

 Nov 8, 2019.

https://m.phys.org/news/2019-11-team-golden-lollipop-elusive-effect.html