# gst: solitons as 'emergent elastic objects with spatially dependent stiffness'

<< Since the 1950s, topological solitons have been used to describe elementary particles and particle-like field configurations that appear in systems ranging from subatomic to cosmological scales. Particles are topologically protected, for which transitions to states with different topological charges are restricted. However, formation and annihilation of solitons are universal in almost all branches of physics, which implies that topological protection collapses at certain condition unrevealed. >>

<< Here, (AA) show that solitons can be regarded as emergent elastic objects with spatially dependent stiffness, and a second-order topological phase transition initiates at its softened points, i.e., points with a vanishing eigenvalue of the emergent stiffness matrix. >>

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Yangfan Hu. Emergent elasticity and topological stability of solitons. arXiv: 2208.14916v1 [nlin.PS]. Aug 31, 2022. 

https://arxiv.org/abs/2208.14916

Also

'Second-order phase transitions' 

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phase_transition

keyword 'solitons' in FonT

https://flashontrack.blogspot.com/search?q=solitons

Keywords: gst, solitons, transition, phase_transition