# physio: bioclocks: liver knows what time it is.

Two studies << analyze the network of internal clocks that regulate metabolism. Although researchers had suspected that the body's various circadian clocks could operate independently from the central clock in the hypothalamus of the brain, there was previously no way to test the theory >>

<< The results were quite surprising, (..) No one realized that the liver or skin could be so directly affected by light.>> Paolo Sassone-Corsi.

Body parts respond to day and night independently from brain, studies show.  University of California, Irvine.  May 30, 2019

https://m.medicalxpress.com/news/2019-05-body-day-night-independently-brain.html    

Patrick-Simon Welz, Valentina M. Zinna, et al.  BMAL1-Driven Tissue Clocks Respond Independently to Light to Maintain Homeostasis. Cell. Volume 177, Issue 6, P1436-1447.E12. doi: 10.1016/ j.cell.2019.05.009.  May 30, 2019.

https://www.cell.com/cell/fulltext/S0092-8674(19)30507-0

Also

"BMAL1"

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/?term=bmal1

# life: a case of extreme swing: clearly "He is not not" or vice versa "He is yes yes"

Jonathan Chait. Mueller: Trump Is Not Not a Criminal. 12:03 P.M.

http://nymag.com/intelligencer/2019/05/mueller-trump-is-not-not-a-criminal.html

<< I usually listen to music during my stressful work.  Today was Rage Against the Machine.  I am thinking Bey for tomorrow.  Suggestions? >>

Robert S. Mueller @VSpecialCounsel 5:17 AM  Aug 15, 2017.

https://mobile.twitter.com/VSpecialCounsel/status/897296036493840384

FonT

Ozzy Osbourne. Mister Crowley. (Blizzard of Ozz). (1:07:25)

https://youtu.be/_fY9I3ySSfs

<< Standing with their backs to the wall
Was it polemically sent?
I wanna know what you meant
I wanna know
I wanna know what you meant, yeah! >>

https://it.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mr._Crowley

# gst: to create standing waves induced by mismatches

<< In work recently published (..), the mismatch of electronic momentum across domain walls (i.e., regions with a different orientation of the intrinsic electric dipole) is shown to create standing waves, even though there is no potential buildup across the domain wall. >>

Researchers demonstrate new properties of atomically thin ferroelectrics. University of Arkansas.  May 28, 2019

https://m.phys.org/news/2019-05-properties-atomically-thin-ferroelectrics.html  

Kai Chang, Brandon J. Miller, et al. Standing Waves Induced by Valley-Mismatched Domains in Ferroelectric SnTe Monolayers. Phys. Rev. Lett. 122, 206402 May 24, 2019.

https://journals.aps.org/prl/abstract/10.1103/PhysRevLett.122.206402   

# game: a pulsating, sadistic search for "disinformation", by John.

<< What this shows is that disinformation, which is ignorance of the truth, is simple to impose, even if logic denies it. What is even simpler is discovering a person’s ignorance set without imparting knowledge, >> John McAfee

Scott Thompson. John McAfee discusses the value of ignorance in new essay. May 25, 2019.

https://finance.yahoo.com/news/john-mcafee-discusses-value-ignorance-110005220.html

https://twitter.com/officialmcafee/status/1132321395243966464

Also

artists and machine intelligence interactions: the Ross' conjecture. Jun 13, 2016.

https://flashontrack.blogspot.com/2016/06/s-ai-artists-and-machine-intelligence.html

Charlie vs Donald (never boring with chaos and tit-for-tat theories). Jun 12, 2016.

https://flashontrack.blogspot.com/2016/06/s-gst-never-boring-with-chaos-and-tit.html

# brain: negative emotional contagion and cognitive bias (in ravens, Corvus corax).

<< after witnessing a conspecific in a negative state, ravens perform in a negatively biased manner on a judgment task. >>

AA << findings thus suggest negative emotional contagion in ravens, and in turn advance our understanding of the evolution of empathy. >>

Jessie E. C. Adriaense, Jordan S. Martin, et al. Negative emotional contagion and cognitive bias in common ravens (Corvus corax). PNAS. first published  doi: 10.1073/pnas.1817066116 May 20, 2019.

https://www.pnas.org/content/early/2019/05/14/1817066116  

Bob Yirka. Researchers find evidence of negative emotional contagion in lab ravens. Phys.org. May 21, 2019.

https://phys.org/news/2019-05-evidence-negative-emotional-contagion-lab.amp

# phys: it could be used to completely remove all noise from a noisy channel

AA << have proposed a second level of quantization, in which both the information carriers and the channels can be in quantum superposition. In this new paradigm of communication, the information carriers can travel through multiple channels simultaneously. >>

AA << formulated a quantum communications model that can be used to compute the amount of information that can be reliably transmitted when using a given number of channels in a quantum superposition. (..) for certain types of noise, the superposition of channels, along with the ability to switch a channel with itself, could be used to completely remove all noise. This opens up the possibility of obtaining perfect quantum communication in a noisy channel. >>

Lisa Zyga. Physicists propose a second level of quantization for quantum Shannon theory. Phys.org  May 22, 2019.

https://m.phys.org/news/2019-05-physicists-quantization-quantum-shannon-theory.html  

Giulio Chiribella, Hler Kristjansson.
Quantum Shannon theory with superpositions of trajectories. Proceedings of the Royal Society A.   doi: 10.1098/rspa.2018.0903  May 8, 2019.

https://royalsocietypublishing.org/doi/full/10.1098/rspa.2018.0903  

# ai: apropos of black box approach in machine learning algorithms

<< A black box is a machine learning program that does not explain how it reaches its conclusions, either because it is too complicated for a human to understand or because its inner workings are proprietary. In response to concerns that these types of models may include unjust inner workings—such as racism—another growing trend is to create additional models to "explain" these black boxes. >>

<<  Even when so-called explanation models are created, (..) decision-makers should be opting for interpretable models, which are completely transparent and easily understood by its users. >>

Ken Kingery. Stop gambling with black box and explainable models on high-stakes decisions. Duke University.  May 14, 2019.

https://m.techxplore.com/news/2019-05-gambling-black-high-stakes-decisions.html  

Cynthia Rudin. Stop explaining black box machine learning models for high stakes decisions and use interpretable models instead. Nature Machine Intelligence. volume 1, pages 206–215 May 13, 2019

https://www.nature.com/articles/s42256-019-0048-x   

# behav: intriguing wolves, prosociality among wolves (compared to dogs)

<<  Prosociality is important for initiating cooperation. (..) In a prosocial choice task, wolves acted prosocially to in-group partners; providing significantly more food to a pack-member compared to a control where the partner had no access to the food. Dogs did not. Additionally, wolves did not show a prosocial response to non-pack members, in line with previous research that social relationships are important for prosociality.  >>

Rachel Dale, Sylvain Palma-Jacinto, et al. Wolves, but not dogs, are prosocial in a touch screen task. PLoS ONE 14(5): e0215444. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0215444  May 1, 2019.

https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0215444

Wolves more prosocial than pack dogs in touchscreen experiment. Findings support idea that dogs helping pack members is ancestral tendency, and not due to domestication. May 1, 2019.

https://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2019-05/p-wmp042419.php

Also

'wolves'

https://flashontrack.blogspot.com/search?q=wolves

# soc: computational socioeconomics, a brief manifesto.

AA << will make a brief manifesto about a new interdisciplinary research field named Computational Socioeconomics, followed by detailed introduction about data resources, computational tools, data-driven methods, theoretical models and novel applications at multiple resolutions, including the quantification of global economic inequality and complexity, the map of regional industrial structure and urban perception, the estimation of individual socioeconomic status and demographic, and the real-time monitoring of emergent events. >>

Jian Gao, Yi-Cheng Zhang, Tao Zhou.
Computational Socioeconomics. arXiv:1905.06166v1 [physics.soc-ph].  May 15, 2019.

https://arxiv.org/abs/1905.06166

download (free, ~11Mb):    https://arxiv.org/pdf/1905.06166

# tech: apropos of peripheral neural interfaces; the AlterEgo 'second self'

<< AlterEgo is a  non-invasive, wearable, peripheral neural interface that allows humans to converse in natural language with machines, artificial intelligence assistants, services, and other people without any voice-without opening their mouth, and without externally observable movements-simply by articulating words internally. >>

<< AlterEgo seeks to combine humans and computers—such that computing, the Internet, and AI would weave into human personality as an internal "second self" and augment human cognition and abilities. >>

Jimmy Day. Project AlterEgo. MIT Media Lab.

https://www.media.mit.edu/projects/alterego/overview/

Nancy Cohen. AlterEgo opens silent spring of computer connections via wearable. Phys.org. May 20, 2019.

https://m.techxplore.com/news/2019-05-alterego-silent-wearable.html

# tech: coloured walls and cities by nano pixels (also for immediate hack poetry)

<< Plasmonic metasurfaces are a promising route for flat panel display applications due to their full color gamut and high spatial resolution. >>

AA << present scalable electrically driven color-changing metasurfaces constructed using a bottom-up solution process that controls the crucial plasmonic gaps and fills them with an active medium. >>

<< ... which are a hundredfold thinner than current displays. >>

Jialong Peng, Hyeon-Ho Jeong, et al. Scalable electrochromic nanopixels using plasmonics. Science Advances   Vol. 5, no. 5, eaaw2205  doi: 10.1126/sciadv.aaw2205. May 10, 2019.

https://advances.sciencemag.org/content/5/5/eaaw2205

Smallest pixels ever created could light up color-changing buildings. University of Cambridge. May 10, 2019.

https://m.phys.org/news/2019-05-smallest-pixels-color-changing.html

FonT

2107 - coll' anse d' apostrofo. Jan 14, 2007

<< traccia coll' anse d' apostrofo un virtuosistico //
irriproducibile tagete // >>

https://inkpi.blogspot.com/2007/01/2107-coll-anse-d-apostrofo.html

# psych: exploring trust among politicians

<< The new research, (..) tested a vulnerability-centered definition of trust-meaning, defining trust as a willingness to be vulnerable to the actions of another. The results revealed three assessments that lead to one trusting in the government: whether it has the ability to do its job, the benevolence to care about its people and the integrity to generally do the right thing. >>

Do you trust politicians? Depends on how you define trust. Michigan State University. May 15, 2019

https://m.phys.org/news/2019-05-politicians.html

Joseph A. Hamm, Corwin Smidt, Roger C. Mayer. Understanding the psychological nature and mechanisms of political trust. PLoS ONE 14(5): e0215835. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0215835.  May 15, 2019.

https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0215835

# sec: adversarial audio attacks; small sound perturbations to hack a Machine Learning model and remedies

<< Adversarial audio attacks can be considered as a small perturbation unperceptive to human ears that is intentionally added to the audio signal and causes a machine learning model to make mistakes. >>

Mohammad Esmaeilpour, Patrick Cardinal, Alessandro Lameiras Koerich. A Robust Approach for Securing Audio Classification Against Adversarial Attacks. arXiv:1904.10990 [cs.LG] Apr 24, 2019.

https://arxiv.org/abs/1904.10990

Ingrid Fadelli. An approach for securing audio classification against adversarial attacks. May 7, 2019.

https://m.techxplore.com/news/2019-05-approach-audio-classification-adversarial.html

# math: squeezing Moebius strips using either 'tame' or 'wild' embeddings, but only with overlaps

<< In math, three-dimensional space sprawls out to infinity in every direction. With an infinite amount of room, it should be able to hold an infinite number of things inside of it - pearls, peacocks or even planets. >>

<< But a recent proof (..), shows that one relatively well-known mathematical object can’t be packed an uncountably infinite number of times into an infinite amount of space: the Möbius band, a two-dimensional loop with a half-twist. >>

<< "Tame" embeddings extend to the entire space, so it’s possible to stretch or squish the space to make the embedded sphere into a standard round sphere. >>

<< "Wild" embeddings, on the other hand, are not so easily visualized and generally require some infinite process to describe. With a wild embedding, there is no way to transform the space to make the wildly embedded version a round sphere. >>

Evelyn Lamb. Möbius Strips Defy a Link With Infinity. Feb 20, 2019.

https://www.quantamagazine.org/mobius-strips-defy-a-link-with-infinity-20190220

https://twitter.com/QuantaMagazine/status/1126601994494455809

Olga D. Frolkina. Pairwise disjoint Moebius bands in space. Journal of Knot Theory and Its Ramifications. Vol. 27, No. 09, 1842005 (2018). doi: 10.1142/S0218216518420051

https://www.worldscientific.com/doi/abs/10.1142/S0218216518420051

# brain eye: having colorful visions even in near darkness

<< some fish contained multiple rod opsins raising the possibility they have rod-based color vision. >>

Color vision found in fish that live in near darkness. University of Maryland. May 9, 2019.

https://m.phys.org/news/2019-05-remarkable-fish-deep-dark.html

Zuzana Musilova, Fabio Cortesi, et al. Vision using multiple distinct rod opsins in deep-sea fishes. Science. May 10, 2019 Vol. 364, Issue 6440, pp. 588-592 doi: 10.1126/science.aav4632

https://science.sciencemag.org/content/364/6440/588

# game gst: anomalous coexistence of cooperators and defectors and unexpected selection reversal in the hawk-dove game.

<< Evolution occurs in populations of reproducing individuals. Reproduction depends on the payoff a strategy receives. The payoff depends on the environment that may change over time, on intrinsic uncertainties, and on other sources of randomness. These temporal variations in the payoffs can affect which traits evolve. >>

AA << study the impact of arbitrary amplitudes and covariances of temporally varying payoffs on the dynamics. The evolutionary dynamics may be "unfair," meaning that, on average, two coexisting strategies may persistently receive different payoffs. This mechanism can induce an anomalous coexistence of cooperators and defectors in the prisoner’s dilemma, and an unexpected selection reversal in the hawk-dove game. >>

Frank Stollmeier, Jan Nagler. Unfair and Anomalous Evolutionary Dynamics from Fluctuating Payoffs. Phys. Rev. Lett. 120, 058101  Feb 1,  2018.

https://journals.aps.org/prl/abstract/10.1103/PhysRevLett.120.058101

# evol: an irrefutable evidence that they rose from the dead by an 'iterative evolution' process

<< the last surviving flightless species of bird, a type of rail, in the Indian Ocean had previously gone extinct but rose from the dead thanks to a rare process called 'iterative evolution'. >>

<< This is the first time that iterative evolution (the repeated evolution of similar or parallel structures from the same ancestor but at different times) has been seen in rails and one of the most significant in bird records. >>

The bird that came back from the dead. University of Portsmouth. May 9, 2019.

https://m.phys.org/news/2019-05-bird-dead.html

<< Fossil evidence presented here is unique for Rallidae and epitomizes the ability of birds from this clade to successfully colonize isolated islands and evolve flightlessness on multiple occasions. >>

Julian P Hume, David Martill. Repeated evolution of flightlessness in Dryolimnas rails (Aves: Rallidae) after extinction and recolonization on Aldabra. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, zlz018.  doi: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlz018. May 8, 2019.

https://academic.oup.com/zoolinnean/advance-article-abstract/doi/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlz018/5487031

# trade: happy commerce (also on a galactic scale) with a hypothetical "S-money"

<< A new type of money that allows users to make decisions based on information arriving at different locations and times, and that could also protect against attacks from quantum computers, has been proposed by a researcher at the University of Cambridge. >>

<< The theoretical framework, dubbed 'S-money', could ensure completely unforgeable and secure authentication, and allow faster and more flexible responses than any existing financial technology, harnessing the combined power of quantum theory and relativity. In fact, it could conceivably make it possible to conduct commerce across the Solar System and beyond, without long time lags, although commerce on a galactic scale is a fanciful notion at this point. >>

S-money: Ultra-secure form of virtual money proposed. University of Cambridge. May 7, 2019

https://m.phys.org/news/2019-05-s-money-ultra-secure-virtual-money.html

Adrian Kent. S-money: virtual tokens for a relativistic economy. Proceedings of the Royal Society A doi: 10.1098/rspa.2019.0170  May 8, 2019.

https://royalsocietypublishing.org/doi/10.1098/rspa.2019.0170

Also

https://flashontrack.blogspot.com/search?q=blockchain

# brain: changing like a skilled jazz player

<< The new findings are just the latest evidence that our brains are capable of changing in response to experiential learning from a very early age, (..) but that there are underlying constraints hardwired into the brain that shape and guide how those changes unfold. Like a skilled jazz player who spontaneously invents fresh melodies while still respecting the grammar of music, the brain is a master improviser that can create new activations (..), but it must still follow certain rules-like those regarding objects preferentially viewed with our central gaze-about where these category-preferring activations can take place. >> Kalanit Grill-Spector.

Ker Than. Researchers identify brain region activated by Pokemon characters. Stanford University. May 6, 2019.

https://m.medicalxpress.com/news/2019-05-brain-region-pokemon-characters.html

Jesse Gomez, Michael Barnett, Kalanit Grill-Spector. Extensive childhood experience with Pokémon suggests eccentricity drives organization of visual cortex. Nature Human Behaviour. doi: 10.1038/s41562-019-0592-8. May 6, 2019

https://www.nature.com/articles/s41562-019-0592-8

Also

"jazz"

https://inkpi.blogspot.com/search?q=jazz

# gst art: an image of chaotic hydrodynamics, by "Leo"

<< One of the first to visualize these flows was scientist, artist, and engineer Leonardo da Vinci, who combined keen observational skills with unparalleled artistic talent to catalog turbulent flow phenomena. Back in 1509, Leonardo was not merely drawing pictures. He was attempting to capture the essence of nature through systematic observation and description. In this figure,  https://cdn.arstechnica.net/wp-content/uploads/2018/10/daVinciWake.png   we see one of his studies of wake turbulence, the development of a region of chaotic flow as water streams past an obstacle. >>

Lee Phillips. Turbulence, the oldest unsolved problem in physics. The flow of water through a pipe is still in many ways an unsolved problem. Oct 10, 2018.

https://arstechnica.com/science/2018/10/turbulence-the-oldest-unsolved-problem-in-physics/

# gst: the interaction time to distinguish self and non-self

<< The Freiburg experiments supports the theory that T cells distinguish self and non-self, pathogenic molecules on the basis of the interaction time. >>

A question of time. University of Freiburg. May 3, 2019

https://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2019-05/uof-aqo050319.php

Yousefi OS, Günther M, et al. (2019) Optogenetic control shows that kinetic proofreading regulates the activity of the T cell receptor. eLife. doi: 10.7554/eLife.42475.

https://elifesciences.org/articles/42475