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venerdì 31 marzo 2023

# gst: influence of disorder on the spreading and entanglement properties of coined quantum walks.


AA << investigate the influence of disorder on the spreading and entanglement properties of coined quantum walks. Specifically, (AA) consider quantum walks on the line and explore the effects of quenched disorder in the coin operations. (They) find that coin disorder alters the usual ballistic transport properties of coined quantum walks considerably and yields an extremely slow dynamics with strong evidence for localization behavior. (They) investigate this slow dynamics by comparing different properties of the walker occupation probability with the standard Hadamard walk. (They) find that the walker distribution, and a number of properties associated with it, are significantly altered by the coin disorder. Special focus is given to the influence of coin disorder on entanglement properties. (AA) observe that generically, coin disorder decreases the coin-walker entanglement. The behavior of the entanglement properties further supports the premise that coin disorder induces localization in coined quantum walks. >>

Louie Hong Yao, Sascha Wald. Coined Quantum Walks on the Line: Disorder, Entanglement and Localization. arXiv: 2303.15978v1 [quant-ph]. doi: 10.48550/ arXiv.2303.15978. 28 Mar 28, 2023.

Also

Voli a casaccio. Notes. Oct 01, 2006. 
(quasi-stochastic poetry)

keyword 'disorder' in FonT

keyword 'disordine' in Notes 
(quasi-stochastic poetry)

keyword 'walk' | 'walking' in FonT


keyword 'passo lieve' | 'walk' | 'walking' in Notes
(quasi-stochastic poetry)



Keywords: gst, disorder, quantum physics, walk, walking, coined quantum walks



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sabato 25 marzo 2023

# life: apropos of AI chatbots, a hypothetical nightmare (for professional writers).


<< Nearly half of white-collar professionals have tried using ChatGPT to help with their work, according to a recent survey of more than 10,000 people at blue chips such as Google, JP Morgan and McKinsey. That’s staggering, considering the AI chatbot was only released to the public in November. It’s potentially very exciting for the future of work, but it also brings serious risks. >>️

<< Jobs involving significant amounts of writing will inevitably be affected most, such as journalists, academic researchers and policy analysts. >>️

<< For example Mihir Shukla, CEO and founder of California-based software company Automation Anywhere, thinks that “anywhere from 15% to 70% of all the work we do in front of the computer could be automated”. On the other hand a recent McKinsey report suggests that only about 9% of people will have to change careers. Even so, that’s a lot of people. Lower to mid-level employees are likely to be the ones most affected. >>

<< Employers have historically used labour-saving devices to maximise productivity, making people work harder, not smarter or better. Computers and emails, for example, have made work never-ending for many people. >>️

<< There are additionally concerns about the human cost of creating AI chatbots. Kenyan workers, for instance, were paid between US$1 and US$2 (80 pence to £1.60) per hour to train OpenAI’s GPT-3 model, on which ChatGPT is based. Their brief was to make it less toxic by labelling thousands of samples of potentially offensive text so that the platform could learn to detect violent, racist and sexist language. This was so traumatic for the workers that the contractor nearly brought the project to an early end. Unfortunately, there’s likely to be much more of this kind of work to come. >>️

<< Finally, AI chatbots raise fascinating intellectual property issues. >>️
️
Peter Bloom, Pasi Ahonen. ChatGPT: how to prevent it becoming a nightmare for professional writers. The Conversation. Mar 1, 2023. 


Also 

<< Earlier this week, I was chatting with a policy professor in Washington, DC, who told me that students and colleagues alike are asking about GPT-4 and generative AI: What should they be reading? How much attention should they be paying?
She wanted to know if I had any suggestions, and asked what I thought all the new advances meant for lawmakers. I’ve spent a few days thinking, reading, and chatting with the experts about this, and my answer morphed into this newsletter. So here goes! >>️

Tate Ryan-Mosley. MIT - The Technocrat. Mar 24, 2023. 

Also

AI (co)creators of storytelling ... they don't cry during sad stories, but they could tell when you will. FonT. Dec 2, 2018. 

keyword 'ai' | 'bot' in FonT


keyword 'ia' | 'ai' | 'robota' in Notes
(quasi-stochastic poetry)



Keywords: life, ai, ia, artificial intelligence, bot, robota, chatbot, GPT-3, GPT-4, chatGPT, chatBARD, chatERNIE, chatFIREFLY, chatCLAUDE



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giovedì 23 marzo 2023

# gst: apropos of weakly coupled oscillators, a new approach to depict about their spontaneous stochastic activities

<<  Many systems in physics, chemistry and biology exhibit oscillations with a pronounced random component. Such stochastic oscillations can emerge via different mechanisms, for example linear dynamics of a stable focus with fluctuations, limit-cycle systems perturbed by noise, or excitable systems in which random inputs lead to a train of pulses. Despite their diverse origins, the phenomenology of random oscillations can be strikingly similar. >>


<< Here (AA) introduce a nonlinear transformation of stochastic oscillators to a new complex-valued function Q∗1(x) that greatly simplifies and unifies the mathematical description of the oscillator's spontaneous activity, its response to an external time-dependent perturbation, and the correlation statistics of different oscillators that are weakly coupled. >>

AA << approach makes qualitatively different stochastic oscillators comparable, provides simple characteristics for the coherence of the random oscillation, and gives a framework for the description of weakly coupled oscillators. >>️

Alberto Pérez-Cervera, Boris Gutkin, et al. A Universal Description of Stochastic Oscillators. arXiv: 2303.03198v1 [nlin.AO]. Feb 27, 2023. 

Also

'oscillations' in FonT

Keywords: gst, oscillations, random oscillations, weakly coupled oscillators



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martedì 21 marzo 2023

# behav: even the first asynchronous decisions might tend to be correct and exhibit information cascades.


<< It is usually assumed that information cascades are most likely to occur when an early but incorrect opinion spreads through the group. Here (AA) analyse models of confidence-sharing in groups and reveal the opposite result: simple but plausible models of naïve Bayesian decision-making exhibit information cascades when group decisions are synchronous; however, when group decisions are asynchronous, the early decisions reached by Bayesian decision makers tend to be correct, and dominate the group consensus dynamics. Thus early decisions actually rescue the group from making errors, rather than contribute to it. (AA) explore the likely realism of our assumed decision-making rule with reference to the evolution of mechanisms for aggregating social information, and known psychological and neuroscientific mechanisms. >>️

Andreagiovanni Reina, Thomas Bose, et al.  Asynchrony rescues statistically-optimal group decisions from information cascades through emergent leaders.  bioRxiv. doi: 10.1101/ 2022.04.05.487127. Feb16, 2023.

Also

'asynchronous' in FonT
'game' in FonT
'behav' in FonT

Keywords: behavior, behaviour, game, decision-making, synchronous- asynchronous group decisions, social interactions, information cascade, life, jazz


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lunedì 20 marzo 2023

# behav: predicting long-term collective behavior with deep learning (among fish species Hemigrammus rhodostomus)


<< Deciphering the social interactions that govern collective behavior in animal societies has greatly benefited from advancements in modern computing. Computational models diverge into two kinds of approaches: analytical models and machine learning models. This work introduces a deep learning model for social interactions in the fish species Hemigrammus rhodostomus, and compares its results to experiments and to the results of a state-of-the-art analytical model. To that end, (AA) propose a systematic methodology to assess the faithfulness of a model, based on the introduction of a set of stringent observables. (They) demonstrate that machine learning models of social interactions can directly compete against their analytical counterparts. Moreover, this work demonstrates the need for consistent validation across different timescales and highlights which design aspects critically enables (AA) deep learning approach to capture both short- and long-term dynamics. (AA) also show that this approach is scalable to other fish species. >>️

Vaios Papaspyros, Ramon Escobedo, et al. Predicting long-term collective animal behavior with deep learning. bioRxiv. doi: 10.1101/ 2023.02.15.528318. Feb 15, 2023.

Also

keywords 'behav' in FonT

keyword 'ai' in FonT

keyword 'ia' | 'ai' in Notes 
(quasi-stochastic poetry)


Keywords: ai, gst, behav, behavior, cognition, machine learning, deep learning, social interactions







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martedì 14 marzo 2023

# gst: porous substrates and foams on the structure of turbulent boundary layers over them.


<< Turbulent flow over and past porous surfaces is encountered in many engineering problems, ranging from flow over forest canopies (..) to flows over and past river beds (..). This makes the understanding or the flow behaviour over porous surfaces crucial. >>
️
<< The present study shows that transition from thick to thin substrate flow behavior depends not only on thickness-to-pore ratio (..) but also on substrate density relative to viscous scales of the flow. >>️

Prateek Jaiswal, Bharathram Ganapathisubramani. Effects of porous substrates on the structure of turbulent boundary layers. arXiv: 2301.04102v1 [physics.flu-dyn]. Jan 10, 2023.

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keyword 'turbulence' in FonT

keyword 'turbolento' | 'turbolenza' in Notes (quasi-stochastic poetry)


Keywords: gst, turbulence, turbulent layers, porosity, porous substrates, foam


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mercoledì 8 marzo 2023

# life: apropos of 1or2achoos (from Wuhan), here is a triptych on the subject.


Apropos of 1or2achoos from Wuhan, here is a triptych on the subject. 

( by Rhiannon Williams. The White House is split over covid’s origins. MIT - The Download. Feb 28, 2023. 


(1)
<< The White House said there is no consensus within the Biden administration over the origins of the Covid-19 virus, a day after the disclosure of an Energy Department assessment that the pandemic most likely originated with a leak from a Chinese lab. >>

Josh Chin, Lindsay Wise, Annie Linskey. White House Says No Consensus on Covid Origin. Comments follow Energy Department assessment that pandemic likely started with leak from Chinese lab. WSJ. Feb. 27, 2023. 

(2)
<< The U.S. Energy Department has concluded that the Covid pandemic most likely arose from a laboratory leak, according to a classified intelligence report recently provided to the White House and key members of Congress. The shift by the Energy Department, which previously was undecided on how the virus emerged, is noted in an update to a 2021 document by Director of National Intelligence Avril Haines’s office. >>

Michael R. Gordon, Warren P. Strobel. Lab Leak Most Likely Origin of Covid-19 Pandemic, Energy Department Now Says. U.S. agency’s revised assessment is based on new intelligence. WSJ. Feb. 26, 2023.

(3)
<< Shi Zhengli has spent years at the Wuhan Institute of Virology researching coronaviruses that live in bats. Her work has come under fire as the world tries to understand where covid-19 came from. >>

Jane Qiu. Meet the scientist at the center of the covid lab leak controversy.  MIT Tech Rev. Feb 9, 2022. 

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<< Qui l'approccio semplice, diretto, efficace che ho usato per la prevenzione ed eventuale gestione personale dell'entità coronavirus /  SARS-COV-2 (SARS: Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ) >>

(Here is the simple, direct, effective approach that I used for the prevention and possible personal management of the coronavirus entity)

# life: aproposito di '1or2achoos' (da Wuhan (?)) ... FonT. Jul 13, 2022. 

Also

keyword 'virus' in FonT

keyword 'virus' in Notes 
(quasi-stochastic poetry)

Keywords:  virus, flu, coronavirus, 2019-ncov, 2019ncov, SARS-CoV-2, sarscov2, covid-19, covid19, 1or2achoos, mask


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giovedì 2 marzo 2023

# gst: when science meets poetry, an image of three-dimensional stepped cracks (bistability, and their transition to simple cracks)


<< Slow cracks may be simple, with no internal structure. The leading edge of a simple crack, the crack front, forms a single fracture plane in its wake. Slow cracks may also develop segmented crack fronts, each segment propagating along a separate fracture plane. These planes merge at locations that form steps along fracture surfaces. Steps are not stationary, but instead propagate within a crack front. Real-time measurements of crack front structure and energy flux reveal that step dynamics significantly increase energy dissipation and drastically alter crack dynamics. Simple and stepped cracks are each stable. By extending the use of energy balance to include 3D crack front structure, (AA) find that, while energy balance is obeyed, it is insufficient to select the energetically favorable crack growth mode. Transitions from stepped cracks to simple cracks occur only when their in-plane front lengths become equal and a perturbation momentarily changes step topology. Such 3D crack dynamics challenge our traditional understanding of fracture. >>

Meng Wang, Mokhtar Adda-Bedia, Jay Fineberg. Dynamics of three-dimensional stepped cracks, bistability, and their transition to simple cracks. Phys. Rev. Research 5, L012001. Jan 9, 2023. 

Also

keyword 'crack' in FonT

keyword 'rottura' | 'crepa' | 'frattura' | 'rugosa' in Notes
(quasi-stochastic poetry)




keywords 'meets poetry' in FonT

Keywords:  gst, transitions, dynamical phase transitions, crack, cracking,   fracture, roughness





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