# n-soc-bot: in the sign of Turing: the dawn of aware machines ...

<< Ray Kurzweil (..) spoke to an audience during a session last summer about a few of the political and philosophical implications of AI when he was asked, “In a world where AI passes the Turing test, who gets to vote? Does democracy make sense?” >>

Andrew O'Keefeon. Ray Kurzweil on Giving Future AI the Right to Vote [Video]. Jan 10, 2016

http://singularityhub.com/2016/01/10/ray-kurzweil-on-giving-future-ai-the-right-to-vote-video/

a mio avviso una macchina AI ha almeno cinque caratteristiche che la differenziano da un umano, almeno in prima approx:

1. AI puo' essere presente piu' di qualsiasi umano, sia nel reale che nel virtuale;

2. e' ubiqua

3. e' instancabile

4. e' immortale

5. puo' lavorare "sottotraccia"  in modalita' autonoma, anonima, criptica, di difficile se non impossibile intercettazione

a una "entita'" con queste caratteristiche cosa serve votare ?

# life: if your next interviewer will be a bot named Vera

<< You have a telephone interview for your dream job, and you're feeling nervous. You make yourself a cup of tea as you wait for the phone to ring, and you count to three before picking up. Now imagine that your interviewer is a robot named Vera. >>

Julie Jammot. Interview with a robot: AI revolution hits human resources. Apr 27, 2018.

https://m.phys.org/news/2018-04-robot-ai-revolution-human-resources.html

FonT

Intrigante un ipotetico AI bot in grado di modulare le interviste allo scopo di  calcolare "in tempo reale" parametri psicologici, di validita' e affidabilita' delle informazioni raccolte da ogni singolo intervistato, anche nell'ambito di sondaggi politici ...

# ai-bot: a campaign to stop killer bots (i.e. near-future ubiquitous lethal autonomous weapons - nfulaw)

<< In response to growing concerns about autonomous weapons, the Campaign to Stop Killer Robots, a coalition of AI researchers and advocacy organizations, has released a fictional video that depicts a disturbing future in which lethal autonomous weapons have become cheap and ubiquitous worldwide >>

Disturbing video depicts near-future ubiquitous lethal autonomous weapons. The technology described in the film already exists, says UC Berkeley AI researcher Stuart Russell. Nov 18, 2017

http://www.kurzweilai.net/disturbing-video-depicts-near-future-ubiquitous-lethal-autonomous-weapons

FonT

in effetti si puo' immaginare - senza sconfinare troppo nella fantascienza - una entita' "nfulaw"  nella forma funzionale del bot-mosquito, di pochi millimetri, armata di device a pungiglione e adatte nano-vescicola e nano-pompa - in grado di iniettare qualche sorta di micidiale molecola -  che traccia e individua il suo bersaglio tramite il riconoscimento facciale oppure attraverso il segnale dello smartphone ...

# ai.bot: "Machine Behaviour", the multi-disciplinary, ethological approach to "Intelligent Machines", by MIT

<< Rather than simply being scared of "intelligent machines," (..) society needs to study algorithms with a multi-disciplinary approach akin to the field of ethology. >>

Tiernan Ray. MIT finally gives a name to the sum of all AI fears. Apr 25, 2019.

https://www.zdnet.com/article/mit-finally-gives-a-name-to-the-sum-of-all-ai-fears/

<< Machines powered by artificial intelligence increasingly mediate our social, cultural, economic and political interactions. >>

AA << first outline a set of questions that are fundamental to this emerging field and then explore the technical, legal and institutional constraints on the study of machine behaviour. >>

Iyad Rahwan, Manuel Cebrian, et al. Machine behaviour. Nature volume 568, pages477–486 Apr 24, 2019.

https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-019-1138-y

Also

anomalous formation of molecules after vapor deposition. Dec 31, 2015

http://flashontrack.blogspot.com/2015/12/rmx-s-gst-anomalous-formation-of.html 

# life: Balzac's world revisited

<< In a recent study picked up in the French press, the academic Mélanie Plouviez cites one of her country’s best-loved novelists to make a damning point. The power of inherited and unearned wealth in the France of 2025, she argues, replicates the social injustices found in Honoré de Balzac’s 19th-century chronicles of ambition and despair. As in the 1820s, she writes, “Who now could buy a place in Paris relying only on their wage and without family help? With the resurgence of inherited wealth, a gulf between what work allows and inheritance allows has also returned.” >>

<< The problem is a sadly familiar one across Europe, and the same observation could be made of Britain, Germany or Italy. >>

Editorial. The Guardian view on Europe’s growing wealth divide: back to the world of Balzac. A new study highlights the dangers of a modern rentier capitalism that perpetuates inequality through the generations. The Guardian. Thu 15 May 2025 19.25 CEST.

https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2025/may/15/the-guardian-view-on-europes-growing-wealth-divide-back-to-the-world-of-balzac

Also: oops! AI - artificial intelligence - now beats humans at basic tasks. FonT. Apr 17, 2024. 

https://flashontrack.blogspot.com/2024/04/life-oops-ai-artificial-intelligence.html

Also: ai (artificial intell) (bot), in https://www.inkgmr.net/kwrds.html 

Keywords: life, ai, artificial intelligence, bot, income, ubi, unconditional basic income

Font: here is an intriguing question: who knows what any State will ask of individual citizens in exchange for the essential Citizenship allowance (e.g.Unconditional Basic Income, UBI), an allowance that it will have to give to the entire population to stabilize the survival of any community.

# s-ai-bot: learn like humans: probabilistic programs pass the "visual Turing test"

<<  an algorithm captures human learning abilities, enabling computers to recognize and draw simple visual concepts that are mostly indistinguishable from those created by humans >>

This << work (..) marks a significant advance in the field — one that dramatically shortens the time it takes computers to “learn” new concepts and broadens their application to more creative tasks >>

http://www.kurzweilai.net/when-machines-learn-like-humans

Brenden M. Lake, Ruslan Salakhutdinov, Joshua B. Tenenbaum. Human-level concept learning through probabilistic program induction. Science 11 December 2015; DOI: 10.1126/science.aab3050

http://m.sciencemag.org/content/350/6266/1332.abstract

# rmx-e-bot: Gregg' "uncanny valley"

<< What’s uncanny is not that we can’t tell whether it’s human or AI, or in what proportion. We can’t tell what it’s been programmed to do to us. Is it trying to steal our identity or sell us a Snorg tee? >>

Gregg Murray, Am I bot or not? Deconstructing the "uncanny valley". January 27, 2016

http://www.kurzweilai.net/am-i-bot-or-not

# ai.bot: adaptive robotics, the beginning

<< The goal of Zhao's lab is to create small, lightweight robots that can reconfigure themselves in response to a need. "In general, if you have a robot, its mechanical structure is fixed," says Zhao [Jianguo Zhao], an assistant professor in the Department of Mechanical Engineering. "If we can change the mechanical structure on the fly, without redesigning the robot, this is pretty useful, especially if the robot is very small … I don't think many people are trying to do that." >>

Anne Manning. These robots are small, shape-shifting, and they adapt to their surroundings. Colorado State University. Mar 6, 2019.

https://m.phys.org/news/2019-03-robots-small-shape-shifting.html 

https://engr.source.colostate.edu/these-robots-are-small-shape-shifting-and-they-adapt-to-their-surroundings/

# bots: xenobot (from Xenopus laevis), the first living, programmable organism

<< A remarkable combination of artificial intelligence (AI) and biology has produced the world’s first "living robots".  (..) The term "xeno" comes from the frog cells (Xenopus laevis) used to make them. >>

<< One of the researchers described the creation as "neither a traditional robot nor a known species of animal", but a "new class of artifact: a living, programmable organism". >>

<< Xenobots are less than 1mm long and made of 500-1000 living cells. They have various simple shapes, including some with squat "legs". They can propel themselves in linear or circular directions, join together to act collectively, and move small objects. Using their own cellular energy, they can live up to 10 days. >>

Simon Coghlan, Kobi Leins. Not bot, not beast: scientists create first ever living, programmable organism. University of Melbourne. Jan 19, 2020.

https://theconversation.com/not-bot-not-beast-scientists-create-first-ever-living-programmable-organism-129980

Sam Kriegman, Douglas Blackiston, et al. A scalable pipeline for designing reconfigurable organisms. PNAS. doi: 10.1073/pnas.1910837117.  Jan 13, 2020

https://www.pnas.org/content/early/2020/01/07/1910837117

Also

keyword 'bots' in FonT

https://flashontrack.blogspot.com/search?q=bots

# rmx-s-acad: Guido Maria, sempre stato ai margini ...

<< (..) e questi secondi nomi aspirazionali forse servono a capire qualcosa del personaggio, che pare avere una storia balzachiana. "Sono sempre stato ai margini", ha detto (..) >>

http://www.dagospia.com/rubrica-29/cronache

un prototipo comportamentale di ipotetico predatore sopravvivente, utile mentore per l'apprendimento preliminare (l'ABC) di un " bot quantistico", per dire ...

# aibot: noise balance and stationary distribution of stochastic gradient descent.

<< The stochastic gradient descent (SGD) algorithm is the algorithm (is used) to train neural networks. However, it remains poorly understood how the SGD navigates the highly nonlinear and degenerate loss landscape of a neural network. >>

<< In this work, (AA) show that the minibatch noise of SGD regularizes the solution towards a noise-balanced solution whenever the loss function contains a rescaling parameter symmetry. Because the difference between a simple diffusion process and SGD dynamics is the most significant when symmetries are present, (AA) theory implies that the loss function symmetries constitute an essential probe of how SGD works. (They) then apply this result to derive the stationary distribution of stochastic gradient flow for a diagonal linear network with arbitrary depth and width. >>

<< The stationary distribution exhibits complicated nonlinear phenomena such as phase transitions, broken ergodicity, and fluctuation inversion. These phenomena are shown to exist uniquely in deep networks, implying a fundamental difference between deep and shallow models. >>

Liu Ziyin, Hongchao Li, Masahito Ueda. Noise balance and stationary distribution of stochastic gradient descent. Phys. Rev. E 111, 065303. Jun 6, 2025.

https://journals.aps.org/pre/abstract/10.1103/PhysRevE.111.065303

Also: ai (artificial intell) (bot), network, noise, disorder & fluctuations, in https://www.inkgmr.net/kwrds.html 

Keywords: ai, artificial intelligence, noise, stochasticity, networks, neural networks, deep learning,stochastic gradient descent (SGD), transitions, phase transitions, broken ergodicity, fluctuation inversion

# e-ai-media: an inspired incipit: Hey it's Nick. The race took a swerve this weekend ...

<< The New York Times, Washington Post, CNN, NBC, Yahoo News and the non-profit Pro Publica are among news organizations using automated technology or messaging bots for coverage in the runup to Tuesday's vote or on election night. >>

<< Those signing up for the bot receive periodic short messages such as, "Hey it's Nick. The race took a swerve this weekend." >>

<< Confessore [Nick Confessore] said it was challenging to find the right formula for "a really short form of storytelling," in a text message, but noted that the bot allowed readers to "drill down further" to get more details. >>

Rob Lever. 'Bots' step up for 2016 election news coverage.  Nov. 5, 2016.

http://m.phys.org/news/2016-11-bots-election-news-coverage.html

# n-bot: gracefully conversations ...

<< Google  wanted  their  bots  to  be  smarter  and  eventually  more  conversational  than  the  rest  of  the bots  out  there.  And  in  order  to  do  that  they  are  technically  feeding  their  AI  machines  with  2,865 romance  novels  so  they  could  respond  to  conversations  better >>

<< Google  believes  that  by  doing  so,  they  could  potentially  inject  some  'personality',  conversational skills  and  who  knows,  maybe  even  a  dash  of  'compassion'  into  their  artificial  intelligence technology >>

Jessica F. Google‘s Artificial Intelligence Robot is Reading 2,865 Romance Novels: Find Out Why.  May  13,  2016  07:54  AM  EDT

http://www.natureworldnews.com/articles/22143/20160513/googles-artificial-intelligence-robot-is-reading-2-865-romance-novels-find-out-why.htm

# life: detecting hallucinations (in large language models) using semantic entropy.

<< Large language model (LLM) systems, such as ChatGPT or Gemini, can show impressive reasoning and question-answering capabilities but often ‘hallucinate’ false outputs and unsubstantiated answers. >>

<< Here (AA) develop new methods grounded in statistics, proposing entropy-based uncertainty estimators for LLMs to detect a subset of hallucinations— confabulations— which are arbitrary and incorrect generations. (Their) method addresses the fact that one idea can be expressed in many ways by computing uncertainty at the level of meaning rather than specific sequences of words. >>

Their method << works across datasets and tasks without a priori knowledge of the task, requires no task-specific data and robustly generalizes to new tasks not seen before. By detecting when a prompt is likely to produce a confabulation, helps users understand when they must take extra care with LLMs and opens up new possibilities for using LLMs that are otherwise prevented by their unreliability. >>️️

Sebastian Farquhar, Jannik Kossen, et al. Detecting hallucinations in large language models using semantic entropy. Nature 630, 625–630. Jun 19, 2024.

https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-024-07421-0

Also: ai (artificial intell) (bot), entropy, in https://www.inkgmr.net/kwrds.html 

Keywords: life, artificial intelligence,  LLMs, confabulations, uncertainty, hallucinations, entropy, semantic entropy

# qubit: stability of classical shadows under gate-dependent noise

<< Expectation values of observables are routinely estimated using so-called classical shadows—the outcomes of randomized bases measurements on a repeatedly prepared quantum state. In order to trust the accuracy of shadow estimation in practice, it is crucial to understand the behavior of the estimators under realistic noise. >>

<< In this Letter, (AA) prove that any shadow estimation protocol involving Clifford unitaries is stable under gate-dependent noise for observables with bounded stabilizer norm—originally introduced in the context of simulating Clifford circuits. In contrast, (They) demonstrate with concrete examples that estimation of “magic” observables can lead to highly misleading results in the presence of miscalibration errors and a worst case bias scaling exponentially in the system size. >>

AA << further find that so-called robust shadows, aiming at mitigating noise, can introduce a large bias in the presence of gate-dependent noise compared to unmitigated classical shadows. Nevertheless, (AA) guarantee the functioning of robust shadows for a more general noise setting than in previous works. On a technical level, (They) identify average noise channels that affect shadow estimators and allow for a more fine-grained control of noise-induced biases. >>️

Raphael Brieger, Markus Heinrich, et al. Stability of Classical Shadows under Gate-Dependent Noise. Phys. Rev. Lett. 134, 090801. Mar 4, 2025. 

https://journals.aps.org/prl/abstract/10.1103/PhysRevLett.134.090801  arXiv: 2310.19947v3 [quant-ph]. Feb 19, 2025.   https://arxiv.org/abs/2310.19947

Also: qubit, in FonT  https://flashontrack.blogspot.com/search?q=qubit  noise, ai (artificial intell) (bot), in https://www.inkgmr.net/kwrds.html   

Keywords: qubit, noise, realistic noise, shadows, robust shadows