# brain: a body-brain circuit regulates the body's inflammatory responses

<< The body-brain axis is emerging as a principal conductor of organismal physiology. It senses and controls organ function, metabolism and nutritional state. >>

Here AA << show that a peripheral immune insult powerfully activates the body-brain axis to regulate immune responses. (They) demonstrate that pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines communicate with distinct populations of vagal neurons to inform the brain of an emerging inflammatory response. In turn, the brain tightly modulates the course of the peripheral immune response. >>

<< Genetic silencing of this body-to-brain circuit produced unregulated and out-of-control inflammatory responses. By contrast, activating, rather than silencing, this circuit affords exceptional neural control of immune responses. >>️

Jin, H., Li, M., Jeong, E. et al. A body–brain circuit that regulates body inflammatory responses. Nature. May 1, 2024. 

https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-024-07469-y

Also: brain, pnei, in https://www.inkgmr.net/kwrds.html 

Keywords: brain, pnei

# brain: arterial pressure pulsations could modulate neuronal activity.

<< Spontaneous slow oscillations have been described in the rat olfactory bulb local field potential, even in the absence of respiration. What is the origin of these oscillations? >>

AA << discovered a subpopulation of neurons within the olfactory bulb that can directly sense cardiovascular pressure pulsations (..). The modulation of their excitability is transduced by mechanosensitive ion channels. >>

<< Thus, there exists a fast pathway for the interoception of heartbeat whereby arterial pressure pulsations within the brain modulate neuronal activity. >> Peter Stern. ️

Luna Jammal Salameh, Sebastian H. Bitzenhofer, et al. Blood pressure pulsations modulate central neuronal activity via mechanosensitive ion channels. Science. Vol 383, Issue 6682. Feb 2, 2024. 

https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.adk8511

img: https://www.science.org/cms/10.1126/science.adk8511/asset/76a1eaf8-61d3-4233-bc2a-be2276f367cd/assets/images/large/science.adk8511-fa.jpg

Also: brain, pnei, soliton, in https://www.inkgmr.net/kwrds.html  

Keywords: brain, pnei, olfactory bulb, spontaneous slow oscillations, wave, soliton

# behav: cry / not cry, babe ... POMC neurons modulate the crying behavior of pups (among mice)

<< Infants cry when separated from their mothers. Here, (AA) show that POMC (pro-opiomelanocortin) neurons in the arcuate nucleus of the hypothalamus—via ß-endorphin production and signaling—modulate the crying behavior of mouse pups. The effect of POMC neurons on vocal behavior depends on the expression of µ-opioid receptors, the main receptor for ß-endorphin. Thus, POMC neurons in the hypothalamus modulate infant cry through opioid signaling. >>️

Gabriela M. Bosque Ortiz, Marcelo O. Dietrich. POMC neurons modulate infant vocalizations through opioid signaling. bioRxiv 2022.08.15.504046. 

doi: 10.1101/ 2022.08.15.504046. Aug 15, 2022. 

https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2022.08.15.504046v1

Also

keywords 'behav' in FonT

https://flashontrack.blogspot.com/search?q=behav

keyword 'pnei' in FonT

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keyword 'pnei' in Notes 

(quasi-stochastic poetry)

https://inkpi.blogspot.com/search?q=pnei

Keywords: behav, brain, pnei, opioid signaling

# pnei: brain motor and fear circuits regulate leukocytes during acute stress

<< The nervous and immune systems are intricately linked. Although psychological stress is known to modulate immune function, mechanistic pathways linking stress networks in the brain to peripheral leukocytes remain poorly understood. Here, (AA) show that distinct brain regions shape leukocyte distribution and function throughout the body during acute stress in mice. >>️

Poller, W.C., Downey, J., et al. Brain motor and fear circuits regulate leukocytes during acute stress. Nature. doi: 10.1038/ s41586-022-04890-z. May 30, 2022. 

https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-022-04890-z

PNEI: Psycho-Neuro-Endocrine-Immunology  

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=pnei

Also

Inchingolo G. Percezione dello stato di salute e leucociti in anziani ultraottantenni.   Atti 36 Congresso Nazionale Società Italiana di Gerontologia e Geriatria, Palermo, 7-10 Novembre 1991.   Giornale di Gerontologia 1991; XXXIX(11): 753.

https://sites.google.com/site/inkgmr2/papers

keyword 'pnei' | in FonT

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keyword 'pnei' | in Notes 

 (quasi-stochastic poetry)

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Keywords: pnei, neuroimmunology, leukocytes, fear, stress, virus, viral infection, adaptation, adaptive immunity