# life: apropos of saliva healers, herd immunity revisited and now hypothetically approachable even within NIH

<< President-elect Donald Trump is tapping Dr. Jay Bhattacharya, a Stanford University health researcher, to be the next director of the National Institutes of Health (NIH). >>

️

<< Bhattacharya was one of three authors of the document (#1). The declaration called for speeding herd immunity by allowing people at low risk to get infected while protecting those most vulnerable, like the elderly. >>

Rob Stein. Trump turns to critic of COVID mandates to run NIH. npr.org. 

Nov 26, 2024. 

https://www.npr.org/sections/shots-health-news/2024/11/26/nx-s1-5195168/nih-bhattacharya-trump-election-2024

<< The most compassionate approach that balances the risks and benefits of reaching herd immunity, is to allow those who are at minimal risk of death to live their lives normally to build up immunity to the virus through natural infection, while better protecting those who are at highest risk. We call this Focused Protection. >>

️

(#1) - Martin Kulldorff, Sunetra Gupta, Jay Bhattacharya. Great Barrington Declaration. Oct 4, 2020. https://gbdeclaration.org/

FonT

From my point of view 'herd immunity'  can be engineered if and only if, even in the case of sars-covid-19 or flu, simultaneous protection is used with an effective, easy available, antiviral drug.

In this regard, a non-compassionate but logical easy approach could be the indirect inhalation of alcohol ~70% already at the first signs of rhinorrhea, as follows:

(-) start self-treatment (spray plus cotton mask):

Mar 20, 2020  https://flashontrack.blogspot.com/2020/03/life-funky-immediate-approach-of.html  

(-) outcomes

Jul 13, 2022  https://flashontrack.blogspot.com/2022/07/life-aproposito-di-1or2achoos-da-wuhan.html  

Oct 4, 2023 https://flashontrack.blogspot.com/2023/10/life-proposito-di-1or2achoos-da-wuhan.html  

Ultimately, here it could hypothesize a case of historic, singular checkmate of 'one against all'. Anzicheforse?

Also: drop, saliva, sars* covid* (aka 1or2achoos), virus, ethno, Mr. Donald, POTUS, tit-for-tat, game, in https://www.inkgmr.net/kwrds.html 

Keywords: life, drop, saliva, saliva healers, herd immunity, sars, mers, 2019ncov, sarscov2, covid19, coronavirus, 1or2achoos, virus, ethno, ethnomedicine, Donald, POTUS, tit-for-tat, game

PS: I couldn't say why, but in certain contexts, the incipit of an answer that the physicist Enrico Fermi https://it.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enrico_Fermi  gave to a journalist always comes back to my mind: 'the physics that is done in our laboratory ...' . 

An example of exceptional, clear, even poetic analysis and synthesis skills (in only 8 words).

# life: apropos of 1or2achoos (from Wuhan (?)) ; CD8+ T cell and early mucosal IgA responses seem strongly associated with viral (SARS-CoV-2) control.

<< the earliest stages of SARS-CoV-2 infection remain poorly characterized. Wagstaffe et al. conducted a human SARS-CoV-2 infection challenge study, enabling analysis of the innate and adaptive immune responses during the early postexposure period. (..) Modeling of the immune response identified CD8+ T cell and early mucosal IgA responses as strongly associated with viral control, >> Claire Olingy.  ️

Helen R. Wagstaffe, Ryan S. Thwaites, et al. Mucosal and systemic immune correlates of viral control after SARS-CoV-2 infection challenge in seronegative adults. Sci Immunol. Vol 9, Issue 92. doi: 10.1126/ sciimmunol.adj9285. Feb 9, 2024. 

https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/sciimmunol.adj9285   

Also: aproposito di '1or2achoos' (da Wuhan (?)). FonT.  jul 13, 2022. 

https://flashontrack.blogspot.com/2022/07/life-aproposito-di-1or2achoos-da-wuhan.html 

Also: sars, covid, 1or2achoos, virus, in  https://www.inkgmr.net/kwrds.html

Keywords:  sars, covid, 1or2achoos, virus, mucosa, early viral control 

# life: Hollywood movies revisited, you'll have to be very careful, a cycle of panic and neglect (e.g. about an 'Entity X') is beginning to repeat.

<< Your Highnesses, Your Excellencies,

Dear colleagues and friends, (..).

I thank Your Highnesses for your hospitality, for your steadfast support for the World Health Organization and global health, and for the opportunity to address you today.  >>️

<< On the 12th of February 2018 – exactly six years ago – I stood on this stage and said the world was not prepared for a pandemic, and expressed my concern at that time that a pandemic could happen anytime. >>️

<< As you remember, less than two years later, in December 2019, the COVID-19 pandemic struck, and indeed, the world was not prepared. >>️

<< Today I stand before you, in the aftermath of COVID-19,

With millions of people dead,

With social, economic and political shocks that reverberate to this day, >>️

<< The cycle of panic and neglect is beginning to repeat. >>️

<< It may be caused by an influenza virus, or a new coronavirus, or it may be caused by a new pathogen we don’t even know about yet – what we call Disease X. >>️

WHO Director-General's speech at the World Governments Summit – 12 Feb 2024.️ WHO. 

https://www.who.int/director-general/speeches/detail/who-director-general-s-speech-at-the-world-governments-summit---12-february-2024   

Also: sars, covid, 1or2achoos, virus, in https://www.inkgmr.net/kwrds.html

Keywords: sars, covid, 1or2achoos, virus, disease X

# life: simnotrelvir, a Chinese pill anti covid-19

<< A drug called simnotrelvir speeds up recovery from mild to moderate COVID-19 by about 1.5 days, relieving symptoms such as fever, cough and runny nose.  >>

<< Whether it can help people who are at high risk of hospitalization and death from COVID-19 is still unclear. >>️️

Saima Sidik. Potent new pill provides COVID relief for the masses. Nature. doi: 10.1038/d41586-024-00117-5. Jan 17,  2024. 

https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-024-00117-5

Bin Cao, Yeming Wang, et al. Oral Simnotrelvir for Adult Patients with Mild-to-Moderate Covid-19. N Engl J Med 2024; 390:230-241. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa2301425. Jan 18, 2024.

https://www.nejm.org/doi/10.1056/NEJMoa2301425

FonT: if it is (another) 'pastroky', you can redirect yourself towards an alcohol plus peroxide solution... just to put the classic patch on it. 

Also:  a proposito di '1or2achoos' (da Wuhan (?)), qui la cronologia. FonT. Oct 4, 2023. 

https://flashontrack.blogspot.com/2023/10/life-proposito-di-1or2achoos-da-wuhan.html

Also: 1or2achoos, sars, covid, virus, pastroky, in:   https://www.inkgmr.net/kwrds.html

Keywords: life, virus, flu, coronavirus,  sarscov2, covid19, 1or2achoos, mask

# life: a proposito di '1or2achoos' (da Wuhan (?)), qui la cronologia

a proposito di '1or2achoos' (da Wuhan (?)), qui la cronologia di inizio dei 6 flu|covid che ho contratto dal gen2020 ad oggi con i relativi tempi di 'smorzamento' dell'infezione, trattati nebulizzando una miscela di alcool e H2O2 ( https://flashontrack.blogspot.com/2022/07/life-aproposito-di-1or2achoos-da-wuhan.html )

(1) 2020.04.11-16:04 ~12h (non vaccinato)

(2) 2021.09.01-07:40 ~12h (non vaccinato)

(3) 2022.06.11-08:26 18-36h (+1mese post vaccino, 3dosi)

(4) 2022.12.24-07:52 ~24h 

(5) 2023.02.28-12:09 ~24h 

(6) 2023.04.08-09:32 24-36h 

I tempi necessari per 'spegnere' questi  flu|covid sono tutti notevolmente inferiori (~80%) rispetto alle pregresse forme di flu che ho contratto delle quali ho memoria.

Invece non ho altre parole da aggiungere per commentare i diversi argomenti associabili a '1or2achoos' dal febbraio 2020 ad oggi.

Potrei (e.g. expectedepidemic, lockdown, greenpass, indicatori, statistiche, accademieacucciabili, sadichepredazioni, bucodibilancio, pastroky, ...) nelle bizzarre forme della poetica quasistocastica ( https://inkpi.blogspot.com/ ), ma mi astengo.

Anche: "Ricordo che quando si era ragazzi". in: "il pino di takata matsubara". Notes. Apr 1, 2011. https://inkpi.blogspot.com/2011/04/2157-il-pino-di-takata-matsubara.html

Anche: "e Da-Li' si sparse pell'aere". in: "cracker tendenziali". Notes. Apr 4, 2008. https://inkpi.blogspot.com/2008/04/cracker-tendenziali-around-matter.html

Anche: "in attesa del beffardo tsunami". in: "onda di carambola". Notes. Nov 29, 2004. 

https://inkpi.blogspot.com/2004/11/1619-onda-di-carambola.html

Anche: "aproposito di '1or2achoos' (da Wuhan (?)) ...". FonT. Jul 13, 2022. https://flashontrack.blogspot.com/2022/07/life-aproposito-di-1or2achoos-da-wuhan.html

Anche: 1or2achoos, sars, covid, virus, pastroky, in: 

https://www.inkgmr.net/kwrds.html

Keywords: life, virus, flu, coronavirus,  sarscov2, covid19, 1or2achoos, mask

# life; the hypothesis of early treatment (at home) of the virus sars-cov-2

Figure 1 - Proposed maladaptive hyperinflammatory response to SARS-CoV-2 infection (Perico N, Cortinovis M, Suter F, Remuzzi G. (2022))

<< A few observational studies have tested NSAIDs [non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs] (especially  relatively selective COX-2 inhibitors), often as part of multipharmacological protocols, for early outpatient treatment of COVID-19. The findings from these studies are promising and point to a crucial role of NSAIDs for the at-home management of people with initial COVID-19 symptoms. >>

<< Celecoxib, ibuprofen, and nimesulide should be avoided in children younger than 12 years, whereas aspirin should be taken only under prescription and at the dose recommended by the family doctor. >>️

️

Norberto Perico, Monica Cortinovis, Fredy Suter, Giuseppe Remuzzi. Home as the new frontier for the treatment of COVID-19: the case for anti-inflammatory agents. The Lancet Infectious Diseases. doi: 10.1016/ S1473-3099(22)00433-9. Aug 25, 2022. 

https://www.thelancet.com/journals/laninf/article/PIIS1473-3099(22)00433-9/fulltext

FonT

therefore the deadly infection by sars-cov-2 that has generated so much suffering,  pain, and dead everywhere it is recently hypothesized that it could easily be treated at home (an early treatment) with some success.

Also

keywords 'covid-19' and 'NSAIDs' in PubMed

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=covid-19+NSAIDs&filter=datesearch.y_1

Also

aproposito di '1or2achoos' (da Wuhan (?)) ... FonT. Jul 13  2022.

https://flashontrack.blogspot.com/2022/07/life-aproposito-di-1or2achoos-da-wuhan.html

Keywords: virus, coronavirus,  sarscov2, 2019ncov, covid19, 1or2achoos

# life: aproposito di '1or2achoos' (da Wuhan (?)) ...

a proposito di '1or2achoos' (da Wuhan (?)) ... cfr Weekly epidemiological update on COVID-19 - 6 July 2022. Edition 99. Emergency Situational Updates. https://www.who.int/publications/m/item/weekly-epidemiological-update-on-covid-19---6-july-2022   img   https://cdn.who.int/media/images/default-source/mca/mca-covid-19/coronavirus-2.tmb-768v.jpg?sfvrsn=4dba955c_12 

Qui l'approccio semplice, diretto, efficace che ho usato per la prevenzione ed eventuale gestione personale dell'entità coronavirus /  SARS-COV-2 (SARS: Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ) 

In data 20 Marzo 2020 ho pubblicato sul mio blog FonT - e, giusto per intendersi, ho contemporaneamente inviato il testo a una mia mail criptata - un approccio nell'ipotesi di disattivare / spegnere il coronavirus (sars-cov-2) che causa covid-19;   

Qui il link   ('you can get more security by spraying...)'   https://flashontrack.blogspot.com/2020/03/life-funky-immediate-approach-of.html

L'approccio pubblicato consisteva nell'uso di una soluzione di alcool (uso alimentare, 96%), perossido di idrogeno (3%) e acqua da nebulizzare con un generico dosatore spray tascabile (usato per nebulizzare profumi); 

La stechiometria di due dei tre componenti (alcool e perossido di idrogeno) era indicata sul sito del WHO (e consigliata per disinfettare superfici);

Qui il link attuale del doc 

12 WHO-recommended handrub formulations (2009) - Formulation I      

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK144054  che a quel tempo era presente, e attualmente assente, sul sito WHO al link 

https://www.who.int/infection-prevention/tools/hand-hygiene/handrub-formulations/en  

e scaricabile nella forma di doc.pdf

https://www.who.int/gpsc/5may/Guide_to_Local_Production.pdf  

Modificai la soluzione con la sostituzione di glicerolo con acqua per consentire la nebulizzazione del prodotto; 

Da allora ho sempre usato la miscela spray per disinfettare mani e mascherine di cotone (doppia mascherina, di cotone, riusabile, in posizione esterna e quando disponibile ffp2 in posizione interna); 

Tuttavia ho usato la stessa miscela per trattare i tre 'flu' (ipoteticamente covid-19) che ho contratto nei tre anni 2020, 2021 e 2022.  

In particolare, tutte le volte che ho avuto necessità di soffiare il naso (per secrezione mucosa, causa rinorrea) ho successivamente trattato entrambi naso e gola con la miscela spray; direttamente sulla mucosa orale e indirettamente nella mucosa nasale inspirando la soluzione preventivamente nebulizzata sul dorso della mano;

Nei primi due casi (2020 e 2021) ho spento il 'flu' in mezza giornata (in entrambe le situazioni non ero vaccinato); nel terzo caso ho spento il 'flu' in 2 giorni scarsi di trattamento (ero già stato vaccinato con le 2+1 dosi perchè obbligatorie in Italia specialmente per chi era iscritto all'Ordine dei Biologi e comunque per chi aveva raggiunto l'età di 50+ anni  

( OMS - Piano vaccini anti Covid-19

https://www.salute.gov.it/ )

I flu precedenti al 2020 (circa 60 flu nell'arco di 70 anni di età, a ciclicità annuale) mi avevano sempre impegnato in circa tre giorni di pre- crisi, tre giorni di crisi a letto e tre giorni di post- crisi (convalescenza) per un totale di mai meno di quattro-cinque giorni di parziale compromissione dell'autonomia; 

Nelle mie tre individuali esperienze, confrontate con tutte le pregresse, l'immunità sembra essere stata quasi immediata, senza alcuna compromissione dell'autonomia.

Se (beninteso, se e solo se) le future risposte individuali del mio sistema immunitario alle future probabili ondate epidemiche da flu opp sars saranno equivalenti alle tre citate sopra, per quello che mi riguarda questa problematica si è chiusa a far data dal 20 marzo 2020, indipendentemente dalle future disponibilità di vaccini anti-flu anti-sars. 

Qui l'ipotetico meccanismo di azione.

I coronavirus (come i virus flu a causa di orthomyxoviridae) si duplicano nelle mucose orale e nasale; il capside virale ( e.g. Chung-ke Chang et al. Antiviral Res. 2014 Mar. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24418573/ ) in presenza di alcool probabilmente si apre per denaturazione proteica e questo consente a un sistema immunitario fisiologicamente attivo di leggere sia il capside (che dovrebbe comunque conservare la struttura primaria) sia parti della sua metameccanica molecolare interna; 

Anche

keyword 'virus' | 'sars-cov-2' | 'sars' in FonT: 

https://flashontrack.blogspot.com/search?q=virus

https://flashontrack.blogspot.com/search?q=sars-cov-2

https://flashontrack.blogspot.com/search?q=sars

keyword 'virus' in Notes 

(quasi-stochastic poetry):

https://inkpi.blogspot.com/search?q=virus

Keywords: virus, flu, coronavirus,  sarscov2, covid19, 1or2achoos, mask

PS: certo è che i colleghi biomedici (qualunque cosa si intenda per  'colleghi' ), con l'epifanie SARS (Nov 2002, Guangdong, China; MERS,  Nov 2012, Gedda, Saudi Arabia, SARS-COV-2, 2019-2020, Wuhan, China) non sembra abbiano mostrato il consueto brillamento delle proprie loro medesime - senz'alcun dubbio elevatissime - potenzialità.  Per modo di dire ed anzicheforse ... Forse, talvolta, si tende a sottovalutare la lezione del Maestro, indimenticato, indimenticabile Jelly Roll:  "Amico, qualunque cosa suonerai ..."   https://flashontrack.blogspot.com/search?q=jelly+roll

# pnei: brain motor and fear circuits regulate leukocytes during acute stress

<< The nervous and immune systems are intricately linked. Although psychological stress is known to modulate immune function, mechanistic pathways linking stress networks in the brain to peripheral leukocytes remain poorly understood. Here, (AA) show that distinct brain regions shape leukocyte distribution and function throughout the body during acute stress in mice. >>️

Poller, W.C., Downey, J., et al. Brain motor and fear circuits regulate leukocytes during acute stress. Nature. doi: 10.1038/ s41586-022-04890-z. May 30, 2022. 

https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-022-04890-z

PNEI: Psycho-Neuro-Endocrine-Immunology  

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=pnei

Also

Inchingolo G. Percezione dello stato di salute e leucociti in anziani ultraottantenni.   Atti 36 Congresso Nazionale Società Italiana di Gerontologia e Geriatria, Palermo, 7-10 Novembre 1991.   Giornale di Gerontologia 1991; XXXIX(11): 753.

https://sites.google.com/site/inkgmr2/papers

keyword 'pnei' | in FonT

https://flashontrack.blogspot.com/search?q=pnei

keyword 'pnei' | in Notes 

 (quasi-stochastic poetry)

https://inkpi.blogspot.com/search?q=pnei

Keywords: pnei, neuroimmunology, leukocytes, fear, stress, virus, viral infection, adaptation, adaptive immunity 

# life: a weird revisited from ethnomedicine inside an approach in epidemiology, the 'saliva healers' vs. 'herd immunity'.

(A) 

<< chiamati 'dottori della saliva' >>

️

A pain-suppressive effect. Notes (quasi-stochastic poetry). Nov 14, 2006.    

https://inkpi.blogspot.com/2006/11/2086-pain-suppressive-effect.html

(B) 

Apropos of "herd immunity" ... FonT. Mar 16, 2020. 

https://flashontrack.blogspot.com/2020/03/life-apropos-of-herd-immunity.html

(C) 

<< During 2020, most schools were never pro-actively closed to hinder virus spreading (with compulsory physical attendance required by law in Sweden and no option for distance or home learning)  >> 

<< Many elderly people were administered morphine instead of oxygen despite available supplies, effectively ending their lives. >>️

<< The Swedish Strategy was also influential abroad, and became an argument in other countries including, among others, the United States (US), United Kingdom (UK) and Australia, to loosen restrictions >>️ 

<< Supporters of the natural herd-immunity strategy promoted a widespread “controlled” spread in society, to obtain herd-immunity without vaccination >>️ 

<< Email conversations and statements from the State Epidemiologist and others show that they at least speculated on the use of children to acquire herd-immunity, while at the same time publicly claiming children played a negligible role in transmission and did not become ill >> 

<< During 2020, however, Sweden had ten times higher COVID-19 death rates compared with neighbouring Norway. >>️️

️

Nele Brusselaers, David Steadson, et al. Evaluation of science advice during the COVID-19 pandemic in Sweden. Humanit Soc Sci Commun 9, 91. doi: 10.1057/ s41599-022-01097-5. Mar 22, 2022.  

https://www.nature.com/articles/s41599-022-01097-5

Also

keyword 'saliva' in Notes  (quasi-stochastic poetry)   

https://inkpi.blogspot.com/search?q=saliva

keyword 'saliva' in FonT   

https://flashontrack.blogspot.com/search?q=saliva

keyword 'virus' | 'sars-cov-2' | 'sars' in FonT   

https://flashontrack.blogspot.com/search?q=virus

https://flashontrack.blogspot.com/search?q=sars-cov-2

https://flashontrack.blogspot.com/search?q=sars

keyword 'virus' in Notes (quasi-stochastic poetry):

https://inkpi.blogspot.com/search?q=virus

Also

(here a homemade mask with a pre  antiviral spray mixture)

A funky, immediate approach of the sneezing from Wuhan (a relative safe barrier - this device is NOT a filter). FonT. Mar 20, 2020. 

https://flashontrack.blogspot.com/2020/03/life-funky-immediate-approach-of.html

keywords: ethnomedicine, saliva, saliva healers, herd immunity, virus, coronavirus, sars, mers, 2019ncov, sarscov2, covid19, 1or2achoos 

# life; Hollywood (movies) revisited, you must be aware of the fact that Alien Entities will share our planet with us and, marginally, ...

Hollywood (movies) revisited, you must be aware of the fact that Alien Entities will share our planet with us and, marginally, will modify our neurobiology with physiological 'magic strings' virus-injected (*) to 'gently' subdue us.  Are you ready for all this, anzicheforse?

(*) virus-injected approach, motivated by the fact that Terrestrials use NOT to attack retroviruses with 'pastroky' vaccines ...

Also

<< David (Leonard David) said that extraterrestrials, however, could be aware of us and be deliberately ignoring our planet, which would represent an equally devastating blow to the human sense of self-importance. >>

️

<< We could be the dolts of the universe. >> Leonard David. 

️

 UFOs ‘Something’s coming’: is America finally ready to take UFOs seriously? Adam Gabbatt in New York

@adamgabbatt Sat 5 Feb 2022 08.00 GMT 

 https://www.theguardian.com/world/2022/feb/05/ufos-america-aliens-government-report

Also

keyword 'alien' | 'ufo' | 'esobio' in FonT

https://flashontrack.blogspot.com/search?q=alien

https://flashontrack.blogspot.com/search?q=ufo

https://flashontrack.blogspot.com/search?q=esobio

keyword 'alieno' | 'ufo' in Notes  (quasi-stochastic poetry)

https://inkpi.blogspot.com/search?q=alieno

https://inkpi.blogspot.com/search?q=ufo

keyword 'oops' in FonT

https://flashontrack.blogspot.com/search?q=oops

keyword 'magic string' in FonT

https://flashontrack.blogspot.com/search?q=magic+string

Also

Dr. J. Allen Hynek (Astronomer, the scientific consultant of the U.S. Air Force Project Sign (1948), Project Grudge (1949), Blue Book (1952–1969).

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/J._Allen_Hynek 

PS:  io non sono mai stato testimone di alieni o di manifestazioni di entità aliene. Tuttavia, forse (qui sottolineo forse), potrei averne frequentata una per decenni. Mia madre era per me una incognita; beveva l'essenziale, non fumava, non dormiva, mangiava poco, non si ammalava, era sempre in energico movimento. Passati i novanta anni di età - grondante di sudore, dopo avere trascorso, giusto per passare il tempo, un paio di ore a stirare nel mezzogiorno della calura agostana riminese - qualche volta l'ho sentita pronunciare la frase: "andrò a coricarmi perchè mi sento un po' stanca". Quando lei entrava in una stanza io immaginavo che virus e batteri sarebbero fuggiti terrorizzati per cercare di evitare quello che di lì a poco sarebbe potuto succedere. Lei era impermeabile a qualsivoglia ideologia o argomentazione che non si traducesse in immediata modalità operativa. Quale (apparente) paradosso, per lei era anche normale individuare e ribaltare immediatamente i punti chiave in merito a qualsiasi argomento. Anche se non lo dava a vedere, era una persona sostanzialmente avversa a qualsivoglia autorità imposta. Ricordo bene che le uniche tesi che non aggrediva erano quelle che trattavano la musica blues, il jazz, il rock - forse perchè intuiva che tali approcci fossero per sè stessi fondamentalmente auto-ribaltanti - e la chimica che, anche quando poteva contenere aspetti meramente speculativi, fantasmatici, lei avrebbe potuto comunque scorgere qualche indispensabile componente operativa osservazionale- sperimentale. 

Per questa sua unicità, dall'età di dieci anni fino ai quindici, ho avuto il sospetto che lei potesse essere il prodotto di qualche ignoto esperimento alieno. 

A distanza di decenni penso che mia madre, sebbene da bambina le avessero imposto di conseguire la sola istruzione elementare - come peraltro molte della sua generazione, sarebbe stata (terrestre o aliena) un valido 'naturale' co-addestratore nel team di una scuola Shaolin.

keywords: UFO, UFOs, UAP, EBE ,

AATIP, UAPTF ,OVNI , virus,  magic string, aliens, esobio, exobiology

# evol: viruses as a facilitator / driver of horizontal gene transfer among eukaryotes

<< Gene exchange between viruses and their hosts acts as a key facilitator of horizontal gene transfer and is hypothesized to be a major driver of evolutionary change. Our understanding of this process comes primarily from bacteria and phage co-evolution, but the mode and functional importance of gene transfers between eukaryotes and their viruses remain anecdotal. >>

AA << systematically characterized viral–eukaryotic gene exchange across eukaryotic and viral diversity, identifying thousands of transfers and revealing their frequency, taxonomic distribution and projected functions. Eukaryote-derived viral genes, abundant in the Nucleocytoviricota, highlighted common strategies for viral host-manipulation, including metabolic reprogramming, proteolytic degradation and extracellular modification. Furthermore, viral-derived eukaryotic genes implicate genetic exchange in the early evolution and diversification of eukaryotes, particularly through viral-derived glycosyltransferases, which have impacted structures as diverse as algal cell walls, trypanosome mitochondria and animal tissues. These findings illuminate the nature of viral–eukaryotic gene exchange and its impact on the evolution of viruses and their eukaryotic hosts. >>️

Irwin, N.A.T., Pittis, A.A., Richards, T.A. et al. Systematic evaluation of horizontal gene transfer between eukaryotes and viruses. Nat Microbiol. doi: 10.1038/ s41564-021-01026-3. Dec 31, 2021. 

https://www.nature.com/articles/s41564-021-01026-3

<< We knew from individual examples that viral genes have played a role in the evolution of eukaryotes. Even humans have viral genes, which are important for our development and brain function, (..)  We wanted to understand more broadly how HGT (horizontal gene transfer) has affected viruses and eukaryotes from across the tree of life. >> Nicholas Irwin. ️

<< We were interested to find that certain groups of viruses, especially those that infect single-celled eukaryotes, acquire a lot of genes from their hosts, (..)  By studying the function of these genes we were able to make predictions about how these viruses affect their hosts during infection. >> Patrick Keeling.

<< Many of these viral-derived genes appear to have repeatedly affected the structure and form of different organisms, from the cell walls of algae to the tissues of animals, (..) This suggests that host-virus interactions may have played an important role in driving the diversity of life we see today. >> Nicholas Irwin. ️

<< These transfers not only have evolutionary consequences for both virus and host, but could have important health implications, >> Patrick Keeling.️

<< we think that this work serves as an interesting reminder that viruses have also contributed to the evolution of life on Earth, >>️ Nicholas Irwin. 

️

New research shows gene exchange between viruses and hosts drives evolution. University of British Columbia. Jan 5, 2022.

https://phys.org/news/2022-01-gene-exchange-viruses-hosts-evolution.html

Also

Nonlinear effects in shaping human evolution, the role of viruses. Jan 15, 2019. 

https://flashontrack.blogspot.com/2019/01/evol-nonlinear-effects-in-shaping-human.html

keyword 'evolution'  in FonT

https://flashontrack.blogspot.com/search?q=evolution

keyword 'evolution' | 'evoluzione'  in Notes (quasi-stochastic poetry)

https://inkpi.blogspot.com/search?q=evolution

https://inkpi.blogspot.com/search?q=evoluzione

Keywords: evolution, virus, gene exchange, horizontal gene transfer, HGT

# life; apropos of #1or2achoos from Wuhan ...

Messrs. A, B, C & D state - between the lines, undertrack, at least a year late -

Commissione DuPre (Dubbio e Precauzione ) live streaming 8/12/2021 

https://youtu.be/_ZLFlY7y_2w

that the official anti covid19 apparatus it appears to be a big, very big mess (i.e. 'un grande pastrokkio') ...

probably Messrs. A, B, C & D could be accused of being thieves, sexual maniacs, they could block their career and make their spouses do twenty years of precariousness ...

their future pensioners' allowance could be taken away or reduced ... 

as well as more ... 

I suppose & anzicheforse ...

luckily for everyone, the 'bushman  variant' of sarscov-2 (Covid-19 B.1.1.529 Omicron) 

Republic of Botswana - new covid 19 variant detected in Botswana -  Presidential covid-19 task force.

https://pbs.twimg.com/media/FFC53NUXIAEqae5?format=jpg&name=large 

could save in short-term, perhaps, the world from this big trouble (i.e.  'grande impiccio').

Here there are three simple questions: 

(a) Why in anticipation of the 'great tea trolley disaster' (after SARS appearance in Nov 2002, Guangdong, China; after MERS in Nov 2012, Gedda, Saudi Arabia) spray forms of antiviral drugs (e.g. remdesivir,  remdesivir like) have not been prepared?

e.g.  https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=antiviral+drugs+sars-cov-2

(b) Why in the meantime, hitech reusable anti-viral anti-bacterial fabrics not been studied and tested?

(c) Does it seem serious to propose a vaccine - to treat every six/eight months eight billion people inside a window of 15/30 days - to confine (sic) a mutant virus (one mutation every week) that is transmitted by air? 

Also 

the unmentionable GTTD - Great Tea Trolley Disaster, by Bristow

https://flashontrack.blogspot.com/search?q=Great+Tea+Trolley+Disaster

keyword 'virus' | 'sars-cov-2' | 'sars' in FonT: 

https://flashontrack.blogspot.com/search?q=virus

https://flashontrack.blogspot.com/search?q=sars-cov-2

https://flashontrack.blogspot.com/search?q=sars

keyword 'virus' in Notes 

(quasi-stochastic poetry):

https://inkpi.blogspot.com/search?q=virus

keyword 'bosciman*' | 'nomad*' in Notes

(quasi-stochastic poetry)

https://inkpi.blogspot.com/search?q=boscimane

https://inkpi.blogspot.com/search?q=boscimani

https://inkpi.blogspot.com/search?q=nomade

https://inkpi.blogspot.com/search?q=nomadi

keyword 'bushmen' | 'nomads' in FonT 

https://flashontrack.blogspot.com/search?q=bushmen

https://flashontrack.blogspot.com/search?q=nomads

keywords: virus, coronavirus, sars, mers, sars-cov-2, covid-19, 2019ncov, bushman  variant, B.1.1.529, Omicron, 1or2achoos, mask

# gst: apropos of 1or2achoos (e.g. from Wuhan), the dynamics of turbulence in a fluid puff

<< Turbulence is everywhere -- in the movement of the wind, the ocean waves and even magnetic fields in space. It can also be seen in more transient phenomena, like smoke billowing from a chimney, or a cough. (..) Understanding this latter type of turbulence -- called puff turbulence -- is important not only for the advancement of fundamental science, but also for practical health and environmental measures, >>️

<< The very nature of turbulence is chaotic, so it's hard to predict, (..) Puff turbulence, which occurs when the ejection of a gas or liquid into the environment is disrupted, rather than continuous, has more complicated characteristics, so it's even more challenging to study. But it's of vital importance -- especially right now for understanding airborne transmission of viruses like SARS-CoV-2. >>️ Marco Edoardo Rosti. 

<< The new model, (..) includes how minute fluctuations within the puff behave, and how both large-scale and small-scale dynamics are impacted by changes in temperature and humidity. (..) at cooler temperatures (15°C or lower), (AA) model deviated from the classical model for turbulence. >>️

<< In the classical model, turbulence reigns supreme -- determining how all the little swirls and eddies within the flow behave. But once temperatures dipped, buoyancy started to have a greater impact. >>

<< The effect of buoyancy was initially very unexpected. It's a completely new addition to the theory of turbulent puffs,>> Marco Edoardo Rosti. ️

Secrets of COVID-19 transmission revealed in turbulent puffs. Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology (OIST). Aug 26, 2021. 

https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2021/08/210826111729.htm

Andrea Mazzino, Marco Edoardo Rosti. Unraveling the Secrets of Turbulence in a Fluid Puff. Phys. Rev. Lett. 127, 094501. Aug 25, 2021. 

https://journals.aps.org/prl/abstract/10.1103/PhysRevLett.127.094501

Also

keyword 'drop' | 'droplet' in FonT:

https://flashontrack.blogspot.com/search?q=drop

https://flashontrack.blogspot.com/search?q=droplet

keyword 'turbulence' in FonT:

https://flashontrack.blogspot.com/search?q=turbulence

keyword 'turbolento' | 'turbolenza' in Notes (quasi-stochastic poetry): 

https://inkpi.blogspot.com/search?q=turbolento

https://inkpi.blogspot.com/search?q=turbolenza

keyword 'virus' | 'sars-cov-2' | 'sars' in FonT: 

https://flashontrack.blogspot.com/search?q=virus

https://flashontrack.blogspot.com/search?q=sars-cov-2

https://flashontrack.blogspot.com/search?q=sars

keyword 'virus' in Notes (quasi-stochastic poetry):

https://inkpi.blogspot.com/search?q=virus

# life: apropos of fuzzy cooperation, Ralph fuzzy mixture vs. world fuzzy dance ...

<< In 2013, the American virologist Ralph Baric approached Zhengli Shi at a meeting. Baric was a top expert in coronaviruses, with hundreds of papers to his credit, and Shi, along with her team at the Wuhan Institute of Virology, had been discovering them by the fistful in bat caves. In one sample of bat guano, Shi had detected the genome of a new virus, called SHC014, that was one of the two closest relatives to the original SARS virus, but her team had not been able to culture it in the lab. >>️

<< Baric had developed a way around that problem—a technique for “reverse genetics” in coronaviruses. Not only did it allow him to bring an actual virus to life from its genetic code, but he could mix and match parts of multiple viruses. He wanted to take the “spike” gene from SHC014 and move it into a genetic copy of the SARS virus he already had in his lab. The spike molecule is what lets a coronavirus open a cell and get inside it. The resulting chimera would demonstrate whether the spike of SHC014 would attach to human cells. >>️

<< Just as when you trade in part of a poker hand for fresh cards, there was no way of knowing whether the final chimeras would be stronger or weaker. >>

<< If you study a hundred different bat viruses, your luck may run out. >> Ralph Baric. 

<< In 2014, the NIH awarded a five-year, $3.75 million grant to EcoHealth Alliance to study the risk that more bat-borne coronaviruses would emerge in China, using the same kind of techniques Baric had pioneered. Some of that work was to be subcontracted to the Wuhan Institute of Virology. >>

<< Consider this hypothetical scenario, (..) An important gain-of-function experiment involving a virus with serious pandemic potential is performed in a well-regulated, world-class laboratory by experienced investigators, but the information from the experiment is then used by another scientist who does not have the same training and facilities and is not subject to the same regulations. In an unlikely but conceivable turn of events, what if that scientist becomes infected with the virus, which leads to an outbreak and ultimately triggers a pandemic >>  Anthony Fauci (director of the NIH’s National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases) (2012).

️

<< Paul’s grilling of Fauci brought new scrutiny to the relationship between Ralph Baric’s lab at UNC and Zhengli Shi’s at WIV, with some narratives painting Baric as the Sith master of SARS and Shi as his ascendant apprentice. They did share resources—for example, Baric sent the transgenic mice with human lung receptors to Wuhan.  >>

️

<< During a hearing on May 11, 2021, Senator Rand Paul confronted Anthony Fauci over funding of bat-virus research by the National Institutes of Health. >>️

<< The NIH has still not fully explained its decision-making and did not reply to questions. Citing a pending investigation, it has declined to release copies of the grant that sent the Wuhan institute about $600,000 between 2014 and 2019. It has also revealed little about its new system for assessing gain-of-function risks, which is carried out by an anonymous review panel whose deliberations are not made public. >>️

️

Rowan Jacobsen. Inside the risky bat-virus engineering that links America to Wuhan. China emulated US techniques to construct novel coronaviruses in unsafe conditions. MIT TechRev. Jun 29, 2021. 

https://www.technologyreview.com/2021/06/29/1027290/gain-of-function-risky-bat-virus-engineering-links-america-to-wuhan

Also

<< " ... e Da-Li' si sparse pell' aere un fantasmatico ente supersintetico supercompresso ... >> in: ️2153 - cracker tendenziali (around a matter-sucking maelstrom). Notes. Apr 4, 2008. (quasi-stochastic poetry)

https://inkpi.blogspot.com/2008/04/cracker-tendenziali-around-matter.html

<< in attesa del beffardo tsunami. >> in: 1619 - onda di carambola. Notes. Nov 29, 2004. (quasi-stochastic poetry).

️

https://inkpi.blogspot.com/2004/11/1619-onda-di-carambola.html

keyword 'virus' in Notes (quasi-stochastic poetry)

https://inkpi.blogspot.com/search?q=virus

keyword 'virus' in FonT 

https://flashontrack.blogspot.com/search?q=virus

keyword 'caos' | 'caotico' in Notes (quasi-stochastic poetry)

https://inkpi.blogspot.com/search?q=caos

https://inkpi.blogspot.com/search?q=caotico

FonT

no surprise, no amazement here, I know chickens behaviors. 

<< Ricordo che quando si era ragazzi, negli anni sessanta, ... >> in: 2157 - il pino di takata matsubara. Apr 1, 2011. Notes. 

https://inkpi.blogspot.com/2011/04/2157-il-pino-di-takata-matsubara.html

# life: they ( NIH, Ralph Baric’s Univ.of North Carolina lab, Wuhan Instit.of Virology ) never created a supervirus, anzicheforse ...

<< 

In May, the coronavirus researcher Ralph Baric found himself at the center of the debate over gain-of-function research ( https://www.technologyreview.com/2021/06/29/1027290/gain-of-function-risky-bat-virus-engineering-links-america-to-wuhan ), in which scientists engineer new properties into existing viruses. And during a congressional hearing, Senator Rand Paul implied that the National Institutes of Health had been funding such research at both the Wuhan Institute of Virology and Baric’s University of North Carolina lab, and that the two labs had been collaborating to make “superviruses”. Baric released a statement clarifying the research in question did not qualify as gain-of-function, and none of the SARS-like coronaviruses he’d used in the experiments were closely related to SARS-CoV-2, yet that did little to quell questions about the role his research may have played in furthering scientists’ ability to modify coronaviruses in potentially dangerous ways. Baric believes such research is essential to the development of vaccines and other countermeasures against emerging viruses, a project he has been engaged in for more than 20 years. His research laid the groundwork for the first approved anti-covid drug and helped speed the development of the mRNA vaccines that have proved so pivotal. 

MIT Technology Review recently asked Baric to explain what constitutes a gain-of-function experiment, why such research exists, and whether it could have played any role in the pandemic. Read the full interview. ( https://www.technologyreview.com/2021/07/26/1030043/gain-of-function-research-coronavirus-ralph-baric-vaccines )

>>️

Rowan Jacobsen. Why researchers need to tinker with viruses. The Download from MIT Technology Review newsletters@technologyreview.com  

The Download from MIT (mail). Jun 26, 2021 14:12

Also

<< ... e Da-Li' si sparse pell' aere un fantasmatico ente supersintetico supercompresso ... >> in: ️2153 - cracker tendenziali (around a matter-sucking maelstrom). Notes. Apr 04, 2008. (quasi-stochastic poetry)

https://inkpi.blogspot.com/2008/04/cracker-tendenziali-around-matter.html

keyword 'virus' in Notes (quasi-stochastic poetry)

https://inkpi.blogspot.com/search?q=virus

keyword 'virus' in FonT 

https://flashontrack.blogspot.com/search?q=virus

# life: apropos of '1or2achoos' (from Wuhan), 'Shame on us', by Jay.

<< The year 2003 was an ominous one for emerging infectious diseases. A pair of deadly influenza strains had leapt from birds to humans in Hong Kong and the Netherlands. And a new coronavirus was spreading around the world causing a mysterious illness that became known as severe acute respiratory syndrome, or SARS. Many experts feared they were watching the start of a global pandemic. Fortunately, the worst-case scenario never materialized. But it was a close-enough call for Robert Webster, a leading authority on avian influenza, to start urging scientists and policymakers to prepare for the next outbreak. One of his top recommendations: develop and stockpile drugs that target a wide range of viral pathogens. Drug researchers did not heed his call. After the SARS threat subsided, interest evaporated — and the world paid the price. “The scientific community really should have developed universal antivirals against SARS,” says Webster, now an emeritus member of St Jude Children’s Research Hospital in Memphis, Tennessee. “Then we would have had something in the stockpile for the emergence of COVID,” which is a caused by SARS-CoV-2, a close relative of the virus responsible for SARS. Another warning shot came in 2012, when Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS) — caused by another relative of SARS-CoV-2 — started spreading through a handful of countries. Still, the drug shelves remained largely bare — a fact that Jay Bradner, president of the Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research in Cambridge, Massachusetts, regards as “regrettable”. >>️

<< Shame on us, (..) We can be better prepared. >> Jay Bradner.️

<< We need an arsenal, >> Kara Carter.

<< It’s hard to convince a company to make a drug against something that doesn’t exist. >>️  Timothy Sheahan.

<< There’s a lot of work that needs to be done, (..) We don’t want to have another year like 2020, (..) and we don’t have to, if we do the work in advance. >> Nat Moorman.️

️

Elie Dolgin. The race for antiviral drugs to beat COVID — and the next pandemic. Despite dire warnings, a stockpile of ready compounds to fight viral pandemics was sorely lacking. Can drugmakers finally do the right thing? Nature 592, 340-343. doi: 10.1038/ d41586-021-00958-4. Apr 14, 2021. 

https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-021-00958-4

Also

keyword 'virus' | 'sars-cov-2' in FonT: 

https://flashontrack.blogspot.com/search?q=virus

https://flashontrack.blogspot.com/search?q=sars-cov-2

keyword 'virus' in Notes (quasi-stochastic poetry):

https://inkpi.blogspot.com/search?q=virus

apropos of "herd immunity" ... , FonT,  Mar 16, 2020.

https://flashontrack.blogspot.com/2020/03/life-apropos-of-herd-immunity.html

# life: a tiny pill against two unfavorable hypotheses on serial coronavirus pandemics - to avoid the socio-economic psycho-behavioral fallout caused by 1or2achoos (e.g. from Wuhan)

<< Pfizer Inc. said it has begun human safety testing of a new pill to treat the coronavirus that could be used at the first sign of illness. If it succeeds in trials, the pill could be prescribed early in an infection to block viral replication before patients get very sick. The drug binds to an enzyme called a protease (Pfizer’s oral protease inhibitor, code-named PF-07321332,) to keep the virus from replicating. >>

<< In lab tests, it worked against many coronaviruses, including the original SARS virus and MERS. Additionally, the coronavirus protease doesn’t mutate much, which means the therapy is likely to work equally well against numerous variant strains, >>

️

<< This is really a potential game changer, >>️  Mikael Dolsten️

Robert Langreth. Pfizer Begins Human Trials of New Pill to Treat Coronavirus. 

Mar 23, 2021 17:38 CET. 

https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2021-03-23/pfizer-begins-human-trials-of-new-pill-to-treat-coronavirus

Christie Aschwanden. Five reasons why COVID herd immunity is probably impossible. Nature 591, 520-522. doi: 10.1038/ d41586-021-00728-2. Mar 18, 2021. 

https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-021-00728-2

Angela L. Rasmussen, Saskia V. Popescu. SARS-CoV-2 transmission without symptoms.  Science, 2021; 371 (6535): 1206-1207 doi: 10.1126/ science.abf9569   

https://science.sciencemag.org/content/371/6535/1206

Also

keyword 'virus' in FonT: 

https://flashontrack.blogspot.com/search?q=virus

keyword 'virus' in Notes (quasi-stochastic poetry):

https://inkpi.blogspot.com/search?q=virus

# life: aprops of 1or2 achoo! from Wuhan (SARS-CoV-2), a mask build of 'nanofibers randomly land on a collector to create a sort of non-woven mesh'

<< Recently, students from BYU’s College of Engineering teamed up with Nanos Foundation to develop a nanofiber membrane that can be sandwiched between the cloth pieces in a homemade mask. While today’s typical cloth mask might block fewer than 50% of virus particles, the membrane — which can be made using simple, inexpensive materials — will be able to block 90 to 99% of particles, increasing effectiveness while preserving breathability. The membranes are made through a process called “electrospinning,” which involves dissolving a polymer plastic in a solution and then using an electrical current to move a droplet of the polymer downward through a needle. As the droplet accelerates, it stretches into a very small fiber that retains a static charge. >>

<< Those nanofibers randomly land on a collector to create a sort of non-woven mesh, >> Katie Varela.

Christie Allen. With innovative nanofiber membranes, cloth masks’  efficacy goes up to 99%. Oct 21, 2020.

https://news.byu.edu/intellect/with-new-byu-created-nanofiber-membranes-cloth-masks-efficacy-goes-up-to-99 

https://phys.org/news/2020-10-nanofiber-membranes-masks-efficacy.html   

Also

keyword 'virus' in FonT: 

https://flashontrack.blogspot.com/search?q=virus

keyword 'virus' in Notes (quasi-stochastic poetry):

https://inkpi.blogspot.com/search?q=virus

# life: oops! IT entity (i.e. 1or2 'achoo!' from Wuhan) seems to be alive ... here a review of candidate drugs against SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19.

<< Outbreak and pandemic of coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 in 2019/2020 will challenge global health for the future. Because a vaccine against the virus will not be available in the near future, we herein try to offer a pharmacological strategy to combat the virus. There exists a number of candidate drugs that may inhibit infection with and replication of SARS-CoV-2. >>

McKee DL, Sternberg A, et al. Candidate drugs against SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19. Pharmacol Res. 2020;157:104859. doi: 10.1016/ j.phrs.2020.104859

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32360480

Also: 

(this is a keyword list, copy & paste in Search Pubmed)

("antiviral drugs"[all] AND "SARS-CoV-2"  AND  "last 1 years"[PDat])

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/

Also: 

keyword 'virus' in FonT: 

https://flashontrack.blogspot.com/search?q=virus

keyword 'virus' in Notes (quasi-stochastic poetry):

https://inkpi.blogspot.com/search?q=virus

# life: the landscape of a 'patchwork' pandemic (caused by 1or2 'achoo' from Wuhan)

<< There was supposed to be a peak. But the stark turning point, when the number of daily COVID-19 cases in the U.S. finally crested and began descending sharply, never happened. Instead, America spent much of April on a disquieting plateau, with every day bringing about 30,000 new cases and about 2,000 new deaths. The graphs were more mesa than Matterhorn—flat-topped, not sharp-peaked. >>

<< What’s happening is not one crisis, but many interconnected ones. As we shall see, it will be harder to come to terms with such a crisis. It will be harder to bring it to heel. And it will be harder to grapple with the historical legacies that have shaped today’s patchwork. >>

Ed Yong. America’s Patchwork Pandemic Is Fraying Even Further. The coronavirus is coursing through different parts of the U.S. in different ways, making the crisis harder to predict, control, or understand. May 20, 2020. 

https://www.theatlantic.com/health/archive/2020/05/patchwork-pandemic-states-reopening-inequalities/611866/