# gst: exploring the lifespan of a liquid droplet

<< Current theories state that the droplet's diameter-squared decreases in proportion to time (classical law); however, this period only accounts for a small portion of the drop's evolution. As the diameter approaches the unobservable micro- and nano-scale, molecular dynamics have to be used as virtual experiments and these show a crossover to a new behaviour, with the diameter now reducing in proportion to time (nano-scale law). >>

<< It is fascinating that intuition based on everyday observations are a hindrance when attempting to understand nanoscale flows, so that, as in this research, one has to lean on theory to enlighten us. >>  James Sprittles.

The lifespan of an evaporating liquid drop. University of Warwick. Oct 10, 2019.     https://m.phys.org/news/2019-10-lifespan-evaporating-liquid.html

Rana A.S., Lockerby D.A., Sprittles J.E.  Lifetime of a Nanodroplet: Kinetic Effects and Regime Transitions. Phys. Rev. Lett. 123, 154501 Oct 9, 2019.     https://journals.aps.org/prl/abstract/10.1103/PhysRevLett.123.154501   

# gst: retooling viruses

<< New research reveals that the way viruses were perceived in terms of their architecture will need to be retooled, because they are actually structured in many more patterns than previously understood. The findings could have significant impact on how they are classified, our understanding of how they form, evolve and infect hosts, and strategies to identify ways to design vaccines to target them. >>

Why viruses like Herpes and Zika will need to be reclassified, and its biotech impact. San Diego State University. Sep 27, 2019.    https://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2019-09/sdsu-wvl092519.php  

<<  improved imaging techniques have revealed increasing numbers of viral outliers >>

<< The polyhedral layouts describing the quasiequivalent capsid structures in CK-theory (Caspar, D. L. & Klug, A. theory) also occur in other areas of science, (..) The conceptual framework for the classification of icosahedral and octahedral polyhedral layouts presented here is therefore of interest for a wide range of scientific disciplines beyond virology. >>

Reidun Twarock, Antoni Luque.  Structural puzzles in virology solved with an overarching icosahedral design principle. Nature Comm. volume 10, Article number: 4414 Sep 27, 2019.   https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-019-12367-3  

# gst: a cylindrical solitonlike that collapses into a spherical shape, and, along the filaments, central cores of matter exhibit fuzzies

In AA simulation, << the dark matter filaments show coherent interference patterns on the boson de Broglie scale and develop cylindrical solitonlike cores, which are unstable under gravity and collapse into kiloparsec-scale spherical solitons. Features of the dark matter distribution are largely unaffected by the baryonic feedback. On the contrary, the distributions of gas and stars, which do form along the entire filament, exhibit central cores imprinted by dark matter-a smoking gun signature of FDM ("fuzzy" dark matter). >>

Philip Mocz, Anastasia Fialkov, et al. First Star-Forming Structures in Fuzzy Cosmic Filaments. Phys. Rev. Lett. 123, 141301. Oct 2, 2019.     https://journals.aps.org/prl/abstract/10.1103/PhysRevLett.123.141301  

Jennifer Chu. This is how a 'fuzzy' universe may have looked. Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Oct 3, 2019       https://m.phys.org/news/2019-10-fuzzy-dark-disrupts-conventional.html   

FonT

intrigante qui come una simulazione di evoluzione cosmologica - filamenti strutturati a cilindro mutanti (collassanti) in strutture sferoidali (ma non a generica fluttuante frittella) formanti, nei filamenti di gas,  serie (sciami?) di kernel a dinamiche fuzzy - possa far immaginare generici contesti altri ...

# evol: echolocation, a prime example of convergent evolution

<< Echolocation is a prime example of convergent evolution, the independent gain of similar features in species of different lineages. >>

<< Distantly related species entering similar biological niches often adapt by evolving similar morphological and physiological characters. How much genomic molecular convergence (particularly of highly constrained coding sequence) contributes to convergent phenotypic evolution, such as echolocation in bats and whales, is a long-standing fundamental question.  >>

AA << find that the gene set most overrepresented (q-value = 2.2e-3) with convergent substitutions in echolocators, affecting 18 genes, regulates development of the cochlear ganglion, a structure with empirically supported relevance to echolocation. >>

Amir Marcovitz, Yatish Turakhia, et al. A functional enrichment test for molecular convergent evolution finds a clear protein-coding signal in echolocating bats and whales.
PNAS doi: 10.1073/pnas.1818532116   Sep 30, 2019    https://www.pnas.org/content/early/2019/09/27/1818532116 

Krista Conger. Scientists uncover genetic similarities among species that use sound to navigate. Stanford University Medical Center. Oct 4, 2019.   https://m.phys.org/news/2019-10-scientists-uncover-genetic-similarities-species.html

# ai life: oops! artificial intelligence will kill self-employment

<< People who are self-employed in some of the lowest paid and most popular jobs are at the greatest risk of being displaced by artificial intelligence (AI), according to new research from the School of Management. Recently published by the Center for Research on Self-Employment, the study found that with both self-employment and AI investment on the rise, independent sales people, drivers, and agriculture and construction workers are in the greatest danger of having their jobs computerized because the work is routine and low in technical expertise. >>

Kevin Manne. How artificial intelligence will impact self-employment. University at Buffalo.  Oct 1, 2019.  

https://m.phys.org/news/2019-10-artificial-intelligence-impact-self-employment.html  

http://www.buffalo.edu/ubnow/stories/2019/10/ai-self-employment.html    

FonT

tutto cio' in prima approx; in seconda e terza approx anche tutte le altre professioni saranno 'coperte' da intelligenza artificiale, anche quelle ad elevata professionalita', e' solo questione di tempo. Paradossalmente non poche professioni che necessitano  elevato livello cognitivo (e accademico) potrebbero essere 'duplicate' da autonome AI anche prima di altre considerate di livello inferiore ...

# gst: a kick-like behaviour may emerge from a crossed over superexponential self-interacting oscillator dynamics

<< Opposite to standard oscillators such as the (an-)harmonic oscillator the SSO (superexponential self-interacting oscillator) combines both scattering and confined periodic motion with an exponentially varying nonlinearity. The SSO potential exhibits a transition point with a hierarchy of singularities of logarithmic and power law character leaving their fingerprints in the agglomeration of its phase space curves. The period of the SSO consequently undergoes a crossover from decreasing linear to a nonlinearly increasing behaviour when passing the transition energy. (AA) explore its dynamics and show that the crossover involves a kick-like behaviour. >>

Peter Schmelcher. Superexponential Self-Interacting Oscillator.  arXiv: 1909.09792v1 [physics.class-ph] Sep 21, 2019.   https://arxiv.org/abs/1909.09792 

# gst: approaching the automorphism groupoid of a groupoid

AA << construct two groupoids from morphisms of groupoids, with one from a categorical viewpoint and the other from a geometric viewpoint. (AA) show that for each pair of groupoids, the two kinds of groupoids of morphisms are equivalent. Then (AA) study the automorphism groupoid of a groupoid. >>

Bohui Chen, Cheng-YongDu, et al. The groupoid structure of groupoid morphisms. J of Geometry and Physics Vol 145 doi: 10.1016/j.geomphys.2019.103486  Aug 12,  2019.     https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0393044019301676

Also

"groupoid" in: https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Groupoid