# gst: emergence of chimeras states in one-dimensional Ising model with long-range diffusion.

<< ️In this work, (AA) examine the conditions for the emergence of chimera-like states in Ising systems. (They) study an Ising chain with periodic boundaries in contact with a thermal bath at temperature T, that induces stochastic changes in spin variables. To capture the non-locality needed for chimera formation, (They) introduce a model setup with non-local diffusion of spin values through the whole system. More precisely, diffusion is modeled through spin-exchange interactions between units up to a distance R, using Kawasaki dynamics. This setup mimics, e.g., neural media, as the brain, in the presence of electrical (diffusive) interactions. >>

<< ️(AA) explored the influence of such non-local dynamics on the emergence of complex spatiotemporal synchronization patterns of activity. Depending on system parameters (They) report here for the first time chimera-like states in the Ising model, characterized by relatively stable moving domains of spins with different local magnetization. (They) analyzed the system at T=0, both analytically and via simulations and computed the system's phase diagram, revealing rich behavior: regions with only chimeras, coexistence of chimeras and stable domains, and metastable chimeras that decay into uniform stable domains. >>

<< ️This study offers fundamental insights into how coherent and incoherent synchronization patterns can arise in complex networked systems as it is, e.g., the brain. >>

Alejandro de Haro García, Joaquín J. Torres. Emergence of Chimeras States in One-dimensional Ising model with Long-Range Diffusion. arXiv: 2510.24903v1 [cond-mat.dis-nn]. Oct 28, 2025. 

https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.24903

Also: chimera, network, brain, in https://www.inkgmr.net/kwrds.html 

Keywords: gst, chimera, Ising systems, stochasticity, networks, brain.

# gst: cascade tipping, cascade hopping and indirect tipping in ecological systems.

<< ️Tipping occurs when an abrupt transition is observed in a system's long-term behavior. This study demonstrates tipping in ecological systems using a unidirectional, three-species coupled system, where only the first subsystem experiences a ramp-like parameter drift. Using a model of bacteria, phytoplankton, and fish populations, (AA) explore how environmental changes, coupling strength, and nonlinearity drive sudden transitions.  >>

<< ️This (AA) study identifies three crucial tipping phenomena based on the coupling strength: tipping cascade, cascade hopping, and indirect tipping. While prior research has focused on tipping cascade and cascade hopping, this work introduces indirect tipping as a critical phenomenon, where the tertiary subsystem tips even when both the primary and secondary subsystems do not tip. The results emphasize the vulnerability of coupled systems to minor changes and highlight the necessity of closely observing systems that appear untipped in coupled systems. >>

Ayanava Basak, Syamal Kumar Dana, Nandadulal Bairagi. Cascade tipping, cascade hopping and indirect tipping in ecological systems. Phys. Rev. E 112, 044225. Oct 24, 2025.

https://journals.aps.org/pre/abstract/10.1103/sn5v-xyb5

Also: transition, in https://www.inkgmr.net/kwrds.html 

Keywords: gst, transitions, cascade tipping, cascade hopping, indirect tipping.

# gst: coupling an elastic string to an active bath: the emergence of inverse damping.

<< ️The interaction between continuous media and particles is a central topic in much of modern physics, and this (AA) paper specifically addresses the transfer of persistence and activity between particles and waves. Indeed, setting up a nonequilibrium dynamics of continuous (field) degrees of freedom requires understanding how that arises from coupling with active matter degrees of freedom. >>

<< ️Within that program, (AA) have studied a system of fast-moving, overdamped, run-and-tumble particles moving on and interacting with a slower string modeled as a scalar Klein-Gordon field. Using time scale separation and weak coupling, (They) have derived an effective fluctuation dynamics for the field after integrating out the active bath. Akin to Landau (inverse) damping, the particles induce friction on the scalar field given by an explicit time correlation for bath observables. >>

<< ️Depending on the level of activity and persistence of the active particles (and their velocity distribution), this friction can be negative, leading to instability. This emergence of negative (linear) friction for an elastic string extends previous results where the probe is a slow inertial particle in an active medium, (..), except that the acceleration (creating transverse waves) is orthogonal to the active motion. >>

Aaron Beyen, Christian Maes, Ji-Hui Pei. Coupling an elastic string to an active bath: The emergence of inverse damping. arXiv: 2505.18665v2 [cond-mat.stat-mech]. Sep 1, 2025.

https://arxiv.org/abs/2505.18665

Phys. Rev. E 112, L042103. Oct 17, 2025.

https://journals.aps.org/pre/abstract/10.1103/g1zm-23sq

Also: particle, waves, elastic, in https://www.inkgmr.net/kwrds.html 

Keywords: gst, particles, run-and-tumble particles, waves, elasticity, elastic strings, wave-particle interactions.

# gst: cascade crack in chain of beads.

<< ️(AA) consider a homogeneous chain of spheres linked by liquid bridges under tension. The rupture of a single liquid bridge leads to a fragmentation cascade driven by the inverse relation between the capillary force and the sphere distances. The initial length of the liquid bridges determines the number and size of the fragments and the velocity of the fragmentation front. >>

Meysam Bagheri, Thorsten Pöschel. Cascade Crack in Chain of Beads. arXiv: 2508.01288v1 [cond-mat.soft]. Aug 2, 2025.

https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.01288

Phys. Rev. E 112, 045414. Oct 17, 2025.

https://journals.aps.org/pre/abstract/10.1103/hzs3-8ffk

Also: crack, fracture, in https://www.inkgmr.net/kwrds.html 

Keywords: gst, crack, fracture, fragmentation cascade.

# gst: transition to chaos with conical billiards.

<< ️In this paper, (AA) introduced and extensively investigated dynamical billiards on the surface of a cone with a tilted base. Upon varying the cone angle β, corresponding to a deficit angle 

2πχ = 2π(1 − sin(β)), and tilt angle γ, (They) identified three distinct types of trajectories with associated Poincaré map for conical billiards: rim, hourglass, and mixed. >>

<< ️Region I, where Poincaré space consists of rim, hourglass, and mixed trajectories; Region IIB, where Poincaré space consists of only hourglass and mixed trajectories; and Region IIA, in which (They) find choices of γ and χ for which almost all trajectories are strongly mixing. (..) (AA) also developed a scheme for identifying strongly mixing trajectories. >>

<< ️Furthermore, (They) were able to show that a dynamical billiard on a surface with exclusively convex and positive Gaussian curvature in three dimensions can still exhibit ergodic behavior in certain parameter regimes. >>

<< ️A particularly intriguing feature of this system is that by tuning χ and γ, nearly all points in (θ,ϕ) Poincaré space describing conical line segments in between bounces can be placed at the edge between chaotic and integrable dynamics. Thus this work highlights the potential of conical billiards as a model system for exploring intriguing problems inspired by neural networks at the “edge of chaos”. >>

Lara Braverman, David R. Nelson. Transition to chaos with conical billiards. arXiv: 2508.02786v1 [nlin.CD]. Aug 4, 2025. 

https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.02786

Phys. Rev. E 112, 044221. Oct 21, 2025.

https://journals.aps.org/pre/abstract/10.1103/18f7-sqhz

Also: billiard, chaos, transition, in https://www.inkgmr.net/kwrds.html 

Keywords: gst, billiards, conical billiard, chaos, transitions, neural networks

# aibot: Tensor Logic, a hypothesis for the next step in artificial intelligence.

<< ️Progress in AI is hindered by the lack of a programming language with all the requisite features. Libraries like PyTorch and TensorFlow provide automatic differentiation and efficient GPU implementation, but are additions to Python, which was never intended for AI. Their lack of support for automated reasoning and knowledge acquisition has led to a long and costly series of hacky attempts to tack them on. >>

<< ️On the other hand, AI languages like LISP and Prolog lack scalability and support for learning. This (AA) paper proposes tensor logic, a language that solves these problems by unifying neural and symbolic AI at a fundamental level. The sole construct in tensor logic is the tensor equation, based on the observation that logical rules and Einstein summation are essentially the same operation, and all else can be reduced to them. (AA) show how to elegantly implement key forms of neural, symbolic and statistical AI in tensor logic, including transformers, formal reasoning, kernel machines and graphical models. >>

<< ️Most importantly, tensor logic makes new directions possible, such as sound reasoning in embedding space. This combines the scalability and learnability of neural networks with the reliability and transparency of symbolic reasoning, and is potentially a basis for the wider adoption of AI. >>

Pedro Domingos. Tensor Logic: The Language of AI. arXiv: 2510.12269v3 [cs.AI]. Oct 16, 2025.

https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.12269

Also: Millie Marconi. 20ott25 https://x.com/Yesterday_work_/status/1980265546068402492 repost tgn0s937k https://x.com/tgn0s937k30472

Also: ai (artificial intell) (bot), analogy, in https://www.inkgmr.net/kwrds.html 

Keywords: ai, aibot, artificial intelligence, tensor logic, unifying neural- symbolic- statistical- AI.

# gst: gigantic dynamical spreading and anomalous diffusion of jerky active particles.

<< ️Jerky active particles are Brownian self-propelled particles which are dominated by “jerk,” the change in acceleration. They represent a generalization of inertial active particles. In order to describe jerky active particles, a linear jerk equation of motion which involves a third-order derivative in time, Stokes friction, and a spring force (AA) combined with activity modeled by an active Ornstein-Uhlenbeck process. This equation of motion (They) solved analytically and the associated mean-square displacement (MSD) is extracted as a function of time. >>

<< ️For small damping and small spring constants, the MSD shows an enormous superballistic spreading with different scaling regimes characterized by anomalous high dynamical exponents 6, 5, 4, or 3 arising from a competition among jerk, inertia, and activity. When exposed to a harmonic potential, the gigantic spreading tendency induced by jerk gives rise to an enormous increase of the kinetic temperature and even to a sharp localization-delocalization transition, i.e., a jerky particle can escape from harmonic confinement. >>

<< ️The transition can be either first or second order as a function of jerkiness. Finally (AA)  shown that self-propelled jerky particles governed by the basic equation of motion can be realized experimentally both in feedback-controlled macroscopic particles and in active colloids governed by friction with memory. >>

Hartmut Löwen. Gigantic dynamical spreading and anomalous diffusion of jerky active particles. Phys. Rev. E 112, 045412. Oct 17, 2025.

https://journals.aps.org/pre/abstract/10.1103/976t-qry7

Also: particle, colloids, transition, escape, in https://www.inkgmr.net/kwrds.html 

Keywords: gst, particles, colloids, self-propelled particles, active Brownian particles, Jerky active particles, jerkiness, transitions, superballistic spreading, escape.