# astro: oops? apropos of rapid expansion of trajectories, the nomadic escape propensity of Titan.

As a vision of a fuzzy snooker, << decades of measurements and calculations have revealed that Titan's orbit around Saturn is expanding- meaning, the moon is getting farther and farther away from the planet- at a rate about 100 times faster than expected. The research suggests that Titan was born much closer to Saturn and migrated out to its current distance of 1.2 million kilometers (about 746,000 miles) over 4.5 billion years. >>

<< Titan is expected to gravitationally squeeze Saturn with a particular frequency that makes the planet oscillate strongly, similarly to how swinging your legs on a swing with the right timing can drive you higher and higher. This process of tidal forcing is called resonance locking. Fuller (Jim Fuller) proposed that the high amplitude of Saturn's oscillation would dissipate a lot of energy, which in turn would cause Titan to migrate outward away from the planet at a faster rate than previously thought. >>

<< The resonance locking theory can apply to many astrophysical systems. I'm now doing some theoretical work to see if the same physics can happen in binary star systems, or exoplanet systems, >> Jim Fuller.

Lori Dajose. Titan is migrating away from Saturn 100 times faster than previously predicted. Jun 8, 2020.

https://phys.org/news/2020-06-titan-migrating-saturn-faster-previously.html

Valery Lainey, Luis Gomez Casajus, et al. Resonance locking in giant planets indicated by the rapid orbital expansion of Titan. Nat Astron. doi: 10.1038/ s41550-020-1120-5. Jun 8, 2020.

https://www.nature.com/articles/s41550-020-1120-5   

Also (quasi-stochastic poetry)

1648b - tenuta di rigo della sonda. Notes. Jan 15, 2005.

https://inkpi.blogspot.com/2005/01/1648b-tenuta-di-rigo-della-sonda.html

# s-ai: handling imperfect information (from scratch), by Libratus

<< As the great Kenny Rogers once said, a good gambler has to know when to hold ’em and know when to fold ’em. At the Rivers Casino in Pittsburgh this week, a computer program called Libratus may finally prove that computers can do this better than any human card player >>

<< Libratus was created by Tuomas Sandholm, a professor in the computer science department at CMU, and his graduate student Noam Brown >>

<< Playing poker involves dealing with imperfect information, which makes the game very complex, and more like many real-world situations >>

<< Poker has been one of the hardest games for AI to crack (..)   There is no single optimal move, but instead an AI player has to randomize its actions so as to make opponents uncertain when it is bluffing >> Andrew Ng

Will Knight. Why Poker Is a Big Deal for Artificial Intelligence. Jan. 23, 2017

https://www.technologyreview.com/s/603385/why-poker-is-a-big-deal-for-artificial-intelligence/

<< Libratus, for one, did not use neural networks. Mainly, it relied on a form of AI known as reinforcement learning , a method of extreme trial-and-error. In essence, it played game after game against itself >>

<< By contrast [GO], Libratus learned from scratch.

Cade Metz. Inside Libratus, the Poker AI That Out-Bluffed the Best Humans. Feb.01, 2017 07:00 am

https://www.wired.com/2017/02/libratus/

more:

NoamBrown, Tuomas Sandholm. Safe and Nested Endgame Solving for Imperfect-Information Games.

http://www.cs.cmu.edu/~noamb/papers/17-AAAI-Refinement.pdf

# gst: liquid–liquid phase transition, the two forms of liquid water (mixed with the natural antifreeze trehalose)

<< Liquids are structurally disordered, so it’s not immediately obvious how they can support two distinct structures with different densities. But that does seem to be possible for liquids in which some degree of directional bonding, such as hydrogen bonds between adjacent water molecules, makes distinct local structures possible. Liquid–liquid transitions have been reported, for example, in silicon, gallium, phosphorus and silicates. But finding one in supercooled water has proved very challenging. There have been previous claimed observations of a liquid–liquid transition in aqueous solutions at ambient pressure, (..) where the solute, such as the sugar glycerol, sometimes used as a cryoprotectant, lowers the freezing point. But such claims have been disputed.(..) Other researchers have reported liquid-like behaviour as the two well-established high- and low-density forms of amorphous (glass-like) ice interconvert. (..) >>

<< In 2014 Yoshiharu Suzuki (..) working with veteran water researcher Osamu Mishima, reported possible signs of a liquid–liquid transition, ending in a critical point where the two liquid states become indistinguishable, in emulsified, supercooled solutions of glycerol. (..) They saw signs of two distinct disordered states with different densities at a temperature of 150K. But there was no direct evidence that both were liquids, rather than amorphous ice. >>

<< Suzuki has now explored the same approach using trehalose as the solute – a sugar produced as a natural cryoprotectant by some organisms, such as insects, that experience extreme cold, to prevent their blood from freezing. He pressurised dilute emulsified solutions to about 0.6GPa at a range of temperatures below 159K, and then decompressed them again.  >>

<< Such hysteresis – whereby the density jumps at different pressures on compression and decompression – is normal for a first-order transition where a parameter such as density changes discontinuously. It reflects the fact that the transition has to start with the chance formation of a ‘nucleus’ of the new phase, which then grows. >>

<< Suzuki is not yet sure why trehalose stabilises water so well against crystallisation, compared with glycerol – but this might help explain why life uses it as an antifreeze. >>

Philip Ball. Direct evidence emerges for the existence of two forms of liquid water. Feb 1, 2022.

https://www.chemistryworld.com/news/direct-evidence-emerges-for-the-existence-of-two-forms-of-liquid-water/4015144.article  

Also

keyword 'water' in FonT

https://flashontrack.blogspot.com/search?q=water

keyword 'transition' | 'transitional' in FonT

https://flashontrack.blogspot.com/search?q=transition

https://flashontrack.blogspot.com/search?q=transitional

keyword 'transition' | 'transizion*' in Notes (quasi-stochastic poetry)

https://inkpi.blogspot.com/search?q=transition

https://inkpi.blogspot.com/search?q=transizione

https://inkpi.blogspot.com/search?q=transizioni

keywords: gst, transition, liquid-liquid transition, water

# life: some scientists hypothesize the possibility of (A) traveling faster than light, (B) visiting the interior of a black hole, (C) being already under observation by alien entities.

(A) traveling faster than light

<< Lentz (Erik Lentz. https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1361-6382/abe692 ) proposes one such way we might be able to do this, thanks to what he calls a new class of hyper-fast solitons – a kind of wave that maintains its shape and energy while moving at a constant velocity (and in this case, a velocity faster than light). According to Lentz's theoretical calculations, these hyper-fast soliton solutions can exist within general relativity, and are sourced purely from positive energy densities, meaning there's no need to consider exotic negative- energy- density sources that haven't yet been verified. (..) With sufficient energy, configurations of these solitons could function as 'warp bubbles', capable of superluminal motion, and theoretically enabling an object to pass through space-time while shielded from extreme tidal forces. >>

<< another recent analysis, published only this month ( David Nield.  https://www.sciencealert.com/engineers-have-proposed-the-first-model-for-a-physical-warp-drive  ;  Alexey Bobrick, Gianni Martire. https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1361-6382/abdf6e ), which also proposes an alternative model for a physically possible warp drive that doesn't require negative energy to function. >>️️

Peter Dockrill. Faster-Than-Light Travel Is Possible Within Einstein's Physics, Astrophysicist Shows. Mar 11, 2021.

https://www.sciencealert.com/faster-than-light-travel-is-possible-within-einstein-s-physics-astrophysicist-shows

(B) visiting the interior of a black hole

<<  if a person found an isolated supermassive black hole suitable for scientific study and decided to venture in, everything observed or measured of the black hole interior would be confined within the black hole's event horizon.

Keeping in mind that nothing can escape the gravitational pull beyond the event horizon, the in-falling person would not be able to send any information about their findings back out beyond this horizon. Their journey and findings would be lost to the rest of the entire universe for all time. But they would enjoy the adventure, for as long as they survived … maybe …. >>️

Leo Rodriguez, Shanshan Rodriguez. Could a human enter a black hole to study it? A person could travel past (certain) black holes' event horizons without dying immediately — here's how. Feb 7, 2021. 

https://www.salon.com/2021/02/07/could-a-human-enter-a-black-hole-to-study-it_partner/  

(C) being already under observation by alien entities.

<< On June 25 the Pentagon and the Office of the Director of National Intelligence released their much hyped report on unidentified aerial phenomena, or UAP. (..) And while the report did not rule out an extraterrestrial origin for much of the documented UAP, it was short on details or bombshells. >> 

<<  we already know our world is easily detectable by extrasolar observers. A paper published on June 23 in Nature  

(Kaltenegger L., Faherty J.K.  https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-021-03596-y ) shows that in the past 5,000 years, 1,715 stars have been in the right celestial position to view a populated Earth transiting the sun—with 319 more entering this sweet spot in the next 5,000 years. And seven of these far-off stars are known to have their own orbiting exoplanets that might support life. >>

<< Think of living in a room, and all the windows are open, and you do all your business, and you don’t know that all the windows are open, (..) Would you behave differently if you knew that you are being seen all your life? >>️  René Heller️

️

Tess Joosse. Aliens Might Already Be Watching Us. A new star map reveals more than 2,000 stars, some with their own planets, that have a direct view of our planetary presence. July 1, 2021

https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/aliens-might-already-be-watching-us

# behav: a case of extreme human-proto-bot love

TUKO.co.ke << has learnt Yuri Tolochko married his beautiful doll fiancee Margo in a traditional ceremony to mark their 18-month relationship. According to The Sun, the 'wedding' was official as it had a celebrant and a dozen of excited guests who could not keep calm after watching Yuri's romantic first dance with his doll. TUKO.co.ke accessed a video from the event which was posted on Instagram and it showed how stunning Yuri looked in his smart black dinner suit and bow tie, with his 'bride' rocking a lacy white wedding gown. >> 

Tuko. Yuri Tolochko: Bodybuilder marries doll after months of romance.

https://www.msn.com/en-xl/news/other/yuri-tolochko-bodybuilder-marries-doll-after-months-of-romance/ar-BB1bwl4f

Magda Ibrahim. LOVE ISN'T DEAD. Bizarre moment bodybuilder MARRIES sex doll in creepy ceremony saying she’s a ‘tender soul inside’. Nov 25, 2020.

https://www.thesun.co.uk/news/13297608/bizarre-moment-bodybuilder-marries-sex-doll-creepy-ceremony

Hannah Frishberg. Bodybuilder proposes to sex doll after getting it plastic surgery. Dec10, 2019. 

https://nypost.com/2019/12/10/bodybuilder-proposes-to-sex-doll-after-getting-it-plastic-surgery

Also

All things have a bit of soul. FonT. Apr 26, 2018.

https://flashontrack.blogspot.com/2018/04/zen-all-things-have-bit-of-soul.html

Gabe Ibáñez. Autómata. Movie. (2014).

https://m.imdb.com/title/tt1971325/

# life; apropos of mechanic (not metamechanic) convergence, a case of extreme #ctz behavior, the 'Iron Curtain'.

<< What we have heard today are not just missile blasts, fighting and the rumble of aircraft, (..) This is the sound of a new iron curtain, which has come down and is closing Russia off from the civilised world. >> Volodymyr Zelenskiy.

Luke Harding and Emma Graham-Harrison in Kyiv, Andrew Roth and Pjotr Sauer in Moscow, Julian Borger in Washington, and Sam Jones. Ukraine fighting to stop ‘a new iron curtain’ after Russian invasion. Thu 24 Feb 2022,  18:09 GMT. 

https://www.theguardian.com/world/2022/feb/24/russia-attacks-ukraine-news-vladimir-putin-zelenskiy-russian-invasion

️

Also

keyword 'ctz' entities in FonT

https://flashontrack.blogspot.com/search?q=ctz

Iron Curtain. Wikipedia. Last v.: Loew Galitz. 20 Feb 2022. 

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iron_Curtain

keywords: life, ctz, iron curtain.

# gst: more on turbulence under rotation, by Biferale, Bonaccorso, Lanotte, et al.

AA << study turbulence under rotation in the presence of simultaneous direct and inverse cascades >>

AA << quantify (..) the effects of those coherent vertical structures on the preferential concentration of light and heavy particles >>

<< Rotating, turbulent flows are ubiquitous in nature >>

Biferale L, Bonaccorso F,  Lanotte AS, et al.  Coherent Structures and Extreme Events in Rotating Multiphase Turbulent Flows. Phys. Rev. X 6, 041036 doi: 10.1103/PhysRevX.6.041036  Nov 21, 2016

https://journals.aps.org/prx/abstract/10.1103/PhysRevX.6.041036

<< What can you find in the air, on an aeroplane, or even deep inside your heart? No, the answer isn’t love. It is, of course, turbulent flow >>

In a spin: studying turbulent flow under rotation. Nov 5, 2017

http://www.prace-ri.eu/spin-studying-turbulent-flow-rotation/

https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2017/11/171106100301.htm

# s-phys: nanoquakes: driving them by phononic crystals

<< the extreme frequency sound waves - also known as surface acoustic waves [SAW] or 'nanoquakes' , as they run across the surface of a solid material in a similar manner to earthquake tremors on land >>

<< Although surface acoustic waves form a key component of a host of technologies, they have proved extremely difficult to control with any degree of accuracy >>

[AA] << have developed a new type of structure, known as a ' phononic crystal,' which when patterned into a device, can be used to steer and guide the nanoquakes >>

Riding the wave: Pioneering research tames nanoquakes. Aug 2, 2017

https://m.phys.org/news/2017-08-nanoquakes.html

<< Phononic crystals can control the propagation of SAW, analogous to photonic crystals, enabling components such as waveguides and cavities >>

B. J. Ash, S. R. Worsfold, et al. A highly attenuating and frequency tailorable annular hole phononic crystal for surface acoustic waves.  Nature Communications 8, Article number: 174 (2017)  doi:10.1038/s41467-017-00278-0

https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-017-00278-0

# phys: a quantum gravity hypothesis on infalling matter (hunting for extreme Kerr black holes)

 << Quantum gravity refers to a group of theories—string theory, for example—that aims to reconcile the microscopic world of quantum physics with the macroscopic world of general relativity. >> 

 << Now theoretical work by Grant N.  Remmen (et al) shows that celestial objects called extremal Kerr black holes are highly sensitive to quantum gravity. >> 

 

  << A Kerr black hole is a rotating, electrically neutral black hole. It is said to be extremal if it has the highest possible angular momentum that is compatible with its mass.  Extremal Kerr black holes have yet to be detected, but many theories predict their existence. >> 

 

 They << point out that quantum corrections to general relativity would provide specific contributions to a quantity called the effective action, which describes the dynamics of a gravitational field. (..) under quantum gravity, the event horizon would develop curvature singularities—regions where the gravitational field is infinitely strong. >> 

 

 << the next step is to hunt for extremal Kerr black holes and to try to detect these curvature singularities through their effect on infalling matter. >> 

Ryan Wilkinson. New Physics Magnified in Spinning Black Holes. Physics 16, s117. Aug 31, 2023.

https://physics.aps.org/articles/v16/s117 

Gary T. Horowitz, Maciej Kolanowski, Grant N. Remmen, Jorge E. Santos. Extremal Kerr Black Holes as Amplifiers of New Physics. Phys. Rev. Lett. 131, 091402. Aug 31, 2023.

https://journals.aps.org/prl/abstract/10.1103/PhysRevLett.131.091402

Also: Ingrid Fadelli. Theoretical study shows that Kerr black holes could amplify new physics. Phys.org. Sep 22, 2023. 

https://phys.org/news/2023-09-theoretical-kerr-black-holes-amplify.html

Also: astrophysics, black hole, in: https://www.inkgmr.net/kwrds.html

Keywords: astrophysics, black holes

# gst: apropos chaotic cooperation

<< Ecological theory has demonstrated that when direct, pairwise interactions among a group of species are too numerous, or too strong, then the coexistence of these species will be unstable to any slight perturbation. >>

Stacey Butler & James P. O’Dwyer.
Stability criteria for complex microbial communities. Nature Communications Volume 9, Article number: 2970 (2018)

https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-018-05308-z

https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/293605v2

<< Pairs of organisms that live off each other sometimes do so well in the mathematical simulations - thriving exponentially in extreme cases, in what Robert May, the theoretical ecology pioneer, once called "an orgy of mutual benefaction" — that everything else can go extinct. >>

AA << explored more precisely how the give-and-take in mutualism affects ecosystem stability and how, under the right conditions, it might contribute to it.  >>

Veronique Greenwood. How Nature Defies Math in Keeping Ecosystems Stable. Sep 26, 2018.

https://www.quantamagazine.org/how-nature-defies-math-in-keeping-ecosystems-stable-20180926/

https://twitter.com/QuantaMagazine/status/1099390696455323651

# life: POTUS race 2024, Native voters could make a difference

<< There are predicted to be at least 5 million Native and Alaska Native-identifying voters in the U.S. in both rural and urban communities, according to the U.S. Census Bureau — although estimates are expected to be an undercount. >>️

<< Native Americans are incredibly influential and have the ability to really swing those elections on the margins, >> Jacqueline De Leon.

<< Hanging in the balance is control of House, Senate and the Oval Office in 2024. In a country in which turnout can make or break campaigns, organizers said courting Native voters can dictate a candidate's success. (..) Organizers argue Native voters are increasingly a coalition to watch, even if parties have not fully recognized them yet. (..) Here are some of the states where Native voters could have a significant impact on 2024 races for Congress, the Senate and for president. >>️️

Ximena Bustillo. Sometimes overlooked by campaigns, Native voters could decide major elections in 2024. NPR. Nov 21, 2023. 

https://www.npr.org/2023/11/20/1213525361/native-voters-influence-2024-elections-arizona-montana-wisconsin 

Also: potus, in FonT https://flashontrack.blogspot.com/search?q=potus

Also: transition, in FonT https://flashontrack.blogspot.com/search?q=transition

Also: edge, in FonT https://flashontrack.blogspot.com/search?q=edge

Also: margine, in Notes (quasi-stochastic poetry) https://inkpi.blogspot.com/search?q=margine

Keywords: potus, potus race, Native, Native voters, life, transition, edge, margin

# jazz: Eastside Romp. Jeff Parker (gui), Eric Revis (b), Nasheet Waits (d).

<< In May 2016, guitarist Jeff Parker, double bassist Eric Revis, and drummer Nasheet Waits spent a single day recording in a Pasadena studio. The seven tunes they cut appear on Eastside Romp. Mixed in 2018, it sat on a shelf for four more years. (..) No one except the creators know why it took six long years for this relaxed yet canny set to arrive, but its appearance adds immeasurably to the mystique and inventive creativity of these three musicians. >> Thom Jurek (T.J.)

- Drunkard's Lullaby

️<< "Drunkard's Lullaby" is a group improvisation, laden with guitar effects, knotty bass vamps, and dialogic conversation between snare, hi-hat, and kick drum. Parker's abstracted soloing is saturated in distortion, and it short-circuits, staggering his already jagged lines, creating a barely restrained sense of power. The rhythm section intersects and interlocks in detailed, propulsive conversation as the guitar travels afield, adding more frenetic yet glitchy notes and layers of feedback. >> (T.J.)

- Wait

<< "Wait," the album's longest cut, was composed by the guitarist. It commences as a dirge led by Revis playing vamped chords. He establishes a circular vamp as Parker points at his changes and Waits dances limpidly on his tom-toms in 4/4. The languid lyric line crisscrosses post-bop, Spanish-tinged modalism, and blues. Parker moves between melody and angular improv as his bandmates respond with empathy, highlighting and expanding the reach of his labyrinthine harmonic lines. As a perfect complement, Waits offers a studio version of his oft-performed nugget "Between Nothingness and Infinity." Paraphrasing the title of 1973's live Mahavishnu Orchestra album Between Nothingness & Eternity, he frames a musical narrative that emerges directly out of Parker's deeply moving ballad-esque playing, adding textural airiness, rhythmic spaciousness, and harmonic depth to its melody. >> (T.J.)

- Similar Limits 

<< Opener "Similar Limits" is the set's only cover. Composed by the late alto saxophonist Marion Brown, it originally appeared on 1967's Porto Novo. The trio keep the iconic, Monk-esque intro after a brief roll from Waits. Parker and Revis play the staggered melodic intro as Waits rolls, fills, and accents all over the kit. As the bassist expands the tune's harmonic reach, Parker explores the underside with great sensitivity and swing. >> (T.J.)️

Jeff Parker, Eric Revis, Nasheet Waits. 

Drunkard's Lullaby, Wait, Similar Limits.

Eastside Romp.  Rogue Art 0113 (2022). 

https://www.allmusic.com/album/eastside-romp-mw0003756347

Also

'jazz' in FonT

https://flashontrack.blogspot.com/search?q=jazz

'jazz' | 'jazzy' | 'funky' |  in FonT (twitter)

https://twitter.com/flashontrack

'jazz' in Notes 

(quasi-stochastic poetry)

https://inkpi.blogspot.com/search?q=jazz

# gst: apropos of vanishing, strange behaviors, 'sometimes they are there, and then for very long periods of time, they are not.'

AA << report the discovery of two long-term intermittent radio pulsars in the ongoing Pulsar Arecibo L-Band Feed Array survey. >>

<<  PSRs J1910+0517 and J1929+1357 show long-term extreme bimodal intermittency, switching between active (ON) and inactive (OFF) emission states and indicating the presence of a large, hitherto unrecognized underlying population of such objects. >>

<< This is the first time that a significant evolution in the activity of an intermittent pulsar has been seen, and we show that the spin-down rate of the pulsar is proportional to the activity. >>

Lyne AG,  Stappers BW, et al. Two Long-Term Intermittent Pulsars Discovered in the PALFA Survey. The Astrophysical Journal, Volume 834, Issue 1, article id. 72, 9 pp. (2017).

http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2017ApJ...834...72L

<< A new discovery has upended the widely held view that all pulsars are orderly ticking clocks of the universe. A survey done at the Arecibo Observatory in Puerto Rico has fortuitously discovered two extremely strange pulsars that undergo a "cosmic vanishing act." Sometimes they are there, and then for very long periods of time, they are not. >>

The Mystery of Part Time Pulsars. Arecibo Observatory. Jul 18, 2017.

https://www.naic.edu/ao/blog/mystery-part-time-pulsars

# s-ecol: climate can drive the emergence of different personalities in Anelosimus studiosus (the tangle web spider)

AA << have uncovered an unexpected benefit of (..) personalities [like shyness and aggressiveness]: to protect societies from extreme temperature changes. >>

<< This work focused on the tangle web spider, known to scientists as Anelosimus studiosus, which lives in North Carolina and across North and South America. >>

<< In this species, individual spiders have either one of two personalities: docile or highly aggressive. Together, they not only share the same living space but also share in the duties of brood care and capturing of prey. >>

AA << looked at the effect of temperature – 75 to 93 degrees Fahrenheit – on the spiders' ability to survive and reproduce as an individual and within a colony.  They found that aggressive spiders were less likely to survive and reproduce at higher temperatures. But the opposite was true for docile spiders: as the temperature heated up, the better they reproduced and survived. The researchers saw the same pattern when the colonies were made up of all aggressive individuals or all docile ones. But when a colony had different personalities – a mix of aggressive and docile spiders – the aggressive spiders didn't die in hot temperatures and docile ones didn't die in cooler ones. >>

Thania Benios. Temperature helps drive the emergence of different personalities in spiders. July 21, 2016.

http://uncnews.unc.edu/2016/07/21/54073/

Celine T. Goulet, Spencer J. Ingley, et al.  Thermal effects on survival and reproductive performance vary according to personality type. Behavioral Ecology, 2016; arw084 DOI: 10.1093/beheco/arw084

http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/beheco/arw084

# s-lang: jazz session during a bird song

<< Music is thought to engage its listeners by driving feelings of surprise, tension, and relief through a dynamic mixture of predictable and unpredictable patterns, a property summarized (..) [by AA] as "expressiveness" >>

<< birds render their songs more expressive by subtly modifying note timing patterns, similar to musical operations like accelerando or ritardando >>

AA << findings bear consequences for neuronal models of vocal sequence generation in birds, as they require non-local rules to generate rhythm >>

Tina C Roeske, Damian Kelty-Stephen, Sebastian Wallot. Birds have swing: Multifractal analysis reveals expressive rhythm in birdsong. BioRxiv June 29, 2017 doi: 10.1101/157594

http://www.biorxiv.org/content/early/2017/06/29/157594

<< A veery thrush, ready to join the band >>

Michael Le Page. Swinging birds play with rhythm like jazz musicians. July 14, 2017

https://www.newscientist.com/article/2140543-swinging-birds-play-with-rhythm-like-jazz-musicians/

Lang Elliott. Veery Thrush. June 1, 2010

https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=cK1gaTqBRRk

# life: apropos of transitional blennies

<< Research on blennies, a family of fish that have repeatedly left the sea for land, suggests that being a 'jack of all trades' allows species to make the dramatic transition onto land but adapting into a 'master of one' allows them to stay there. >>

<< a flexible diet and behavior were likely to be instrumental in the transition to land. However, once out of the water, restrictions on the type of food available triggered major evolutionary changes, particularly to their teeth, as land dwelling blennies have become specialists in scraping algae and detritus from rocks. >>

<< having a broad diet or being behaviorally flexible can help you move into a new habitat. But once there, this flexibility becomes eroded by natural selection. This presumably means those highly specialized species are less likely to be able to make further transitions, or cope with abrupt environment changes in their existing habitat. >> Terry Ord.

How fish got onto land, and stayed there. British Ecological Society. Jun 17, 2020.  

https://phys.org/news/2020-06-fish.html

Terry J. Ord, Peter J. Hundt. Crossing extreme habitat boundaries: Jack‐of‐all‐trades facilitates invasion but is eroded by adaptation to a master‐of‐one. Funct Ecol. doi: 10.1111/ 1365-2435.13600. Jun 16, 2020.

https://besjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/1365-2435.13600

Also

The multifactorial relationship system evolved in Blenny. FonT. Jun 2, 2017.

https://flashontrack.blogspot.com/2017/06/s-behav-multifactorial-relationship.html

# ai-bot: use of soft labels with 'less than one'-shot task in AI learning models

<< Deep neural networks require large training sets but suffer from high computational cost and long training times. Training on much smaller training sets while maintaining nearly the same accuracy would be very beneficial. In the few-shot learning setting, a model must learn a new class given only a small number of samples from that class. One-shot learning is an extreme form of few-shot learning where the model must learn a new class from a single example. (AA)  propose the 'less than one'-shot learning task where models must learn N new classes given only M<N examples and (they) show that this is achievable with the help of soft labels. >>

Ilia Sucholutsky, Matthias Schonlau. 'Less Than One'-Shot Learning: Learning N Classes From M<N Samples. arXiv:2009.08449v1. Sep 17, 2020

https://arxiv.org/abs/2009.08449   

Karen Hao. A radical new technique lets AI learn with practically no data. Oct 16, 2020.  

https://www.technologyreview.com/2020/10/16/1010566/ai-machine-learning-with-tiny-data

FonT: sara' verosimilmente intrigante osservare come una 'macchina AI' sapra' esercitare sugli umani il potere di cooptazione ...