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Visualizzazione dei post in ordine di data per la query bot. Ordina per pertinenza Mostra tutti i post

lunedì 7 aprile 2025

# life: detecting hallucinations (in large language models) using semantic entropy.

<< Large language model (LLM) systems, such as ChatGPT or Gemini, can show impressive reasoning and question-answering capabilities but often ‘hallucinate’ false outputs and unsubstantiated answers. >>

<< Here (AA) develop new methods grounded in statistics, proposing entropy-based uncertainty estimators for LLMs to detect a subset of hallucinations— confabulations— which are arbitrary and incorrect generations. (Their) method addresses the fact that one idea can be expressed in many ways by computing uncertainty at the level of meaning rather than specific sequences of words. >>

Their method << works across datasets and tasks without a priori knowledge of the task, requires no task-specific data and robustly generalizes to new tasks not seen before. By detecting when a prompt is likely to produce a confabulation, helps users understand when they must take extra care with LLMs and opens up new possibilities for using LLMs that are otherwise prevented by their unreliability. >>️️

Sebastian Farquhar, Jannik Kossen, et al. Detecting hallucinations in large language models using semantic entropy. Nature 630, 625–630. Jun 19, 2024.

Also: ai (artificial intell) (bot), entropy, in https://www.inkgmr.net/kwrds.html 

Keywords: life, artificial intelligence,  LLMs, confabulations, uncertainty, hallucinations, entropy, semantic entropy

martedì 18 marzo 2025

# qubit: stability of classical shadows under gate-dependent noise

<< Expectation values of observables are routinely estimated using so-called classical shadows—the outcomes of randomized bases measurements on a repeatedly prepared quantum state. In order to trust the accuracy of shadow estimation in practice, it is crucial to understand the behavior of the estimators under realistic noise. >>

<< In this Letter, (AA) prove that any shadow estimation protocol involving Clifford unitaries is stable under gate-dependent noise for observables with bounded stabilizer norm—originally introduced in the context of simulating Clifford circuits. In contrast, (They) demonstrate with concrete examples that estimation of “magic” observables can lead to highly misleading results in the presence of miscalibration errors and a worst case bias scaling exponentially in the system size. >>

AA << further find that so-called robust shadows, aiming at mitigating noise, can introduce a large bias in the presence of gate-dependent noise compared to unmitigated classical shadows. Nevertheless, (AA) guarantee the functioning of robust shadows for a more general noise setting than in previous works. On a technical level, (They) identify average noise channels that affect shadow estimators and allow for a more fine-grained control of noise-induced biases. >>️

Raphael Brieger, Markus Heinrich, et al. Stability of Classical Shadows under Gate-Dependent Noise. Phys. Rev. Lett. 134, 090801. Mar 4, 2025. 

Also: qubit, in FonT  https://flashontrack.blogspot.com/search?q=qubit  noise, ai (artificial intell) (bot), in https://www.inkgmr.net/kwrds.html   

Keywords: qubit, noise, realistic noise, shadows, robust shadows


venerdì 7 febbraio 2025

# life: spontaneous emergence of run-and-tumble-like dynamics in coupled self-propelled bots.


<< Drawing inspiration from the motility behaviour of microorganisms, we introduce a highly tunable, robotic system self-actuating into the run-and-tumble (RT)-like motion. It comprises two disk-shaped, centimeter-scale programmable robots individually programmed to perform overdamped active Brownian (AB) motion and connected by a rigid rod. The rod is attached to pivot points located on off-centered, mirror-symmetric points on each robot, allowing for its free rotation at both ends. >>

AA << show that the collective dynamics of this system execute RT-like motion with characteristic sharp tumble events and exponentially distributed run times, similar to those observed in microorganisms. (They) further quantify emerging dynamics in terms of tumbling frequency and tune it over a wide range of experimental parameters. >>

AA << also develop a theoretical model that reproduces our experimental results and elucidates the underlying physical mechanisms governing the rich phase behavior of RT motion. >>
 ️
Somnath Paramanick, Umashankar Pardhi, et al. Spontaneous emergence of run-and-tumble-like dynamics in coupled self-propelled robots: experiment and theory. arXiv: 2502.01257v1 [cond-mat.soft]. Feb 3, 2025.

Also: behav, evolution, bot, in https://www.inkgmr.net/kwrds.html 

Keywords: gst, life, behavior, evolution, bots, self-propelled bots, run-and-tumble motion 


sabato 25 gennaio 2025

# life: the Age of hallucinatory artificial intelligence (AI); the beginning.

<< It’s well known that all kinds of generative AI, including the large language models (LLMs) behind AI chatbots, make things up. This is both a strength and a weakness. It’s the reason for their celebrated inventive capacity, but it also means they sometimes blur truth and fiction, inserting incorrect details into apparently factual sentences. >>

<< They sound like politicians, they tend to make up stuff and be totally confident no matter what. >> Santosh Vempala. ️

<< Chatbots err for many reasons, but computer scientists tend to refer to all such blips as hallucinations. It’s a term not universally accepted, with some suggesting ‘confabulations’ or, more simply, ‘bullshit’. The phenomenon has captured so much attention that the website Dictionary.com picked ‘hallucinate’ as its word of the year for 2023. >>️

<< Because AI hallucinations are fundamental to how LLMs work, researchers say that eliminating them completely is impossible. >>️

Nicola Jones. AI hallucinations can’t be stopped — but these techniques can limit their damage. Nature. 637, 778-780. Jan 21,  2025. 

Also: ai (artificial intell) (bot), nfulaw, in https://www.inkgmr.net/kwrds.html 

Keywords: life, ai, artificial intell, LLMs, bot, nfulaw


sabato 10 agosto 2024

# ai-bot: Cybloids − Creation and Control of Cybernetic Colloids.

FIG. 11. Particle clusters formed for different parameters of the feedback potential.

AA << present an idea to create particles with freely selectable properties. The properties might depend, for example, on the presence of other particles (hence mimicking specific pair or many-body interactions), previous configurations (hence introducing some memory or feedback), or a directional bias (hence changing the dynamics). Without directly interfering with the sample, each particle is fully controlled and can receive external commands through a predefined algorithm that can take into account any input parameters. This is realized with computer-controlled colloids, which (AA) term cybloids - short for cybernetic colloids. >>

<< For a single particle, this programming can cause subdiffusive behavior or lend activity. For many colloids, the programmed interaction potential allows to select a crystal structure at wish. Beyond these examples, (AA) discuss further opportunities which cybloids offer. >>️

Debasish Saha, Sonja Tarama, et al. Cybloids − Creation and Control of Cybernetic Colloids. arXiv: 2408.00336v1 [cond-mat.soft]. 

Also: ai (artificial intell), bot, colloids, in https://www.inkgmr.net/kwrds.html 

Keywords: AI, Artificial Intell, BOT, AI-BOT, colloids, cybernetic colloids, cybloids


lunedì 22 luglio 2024

# ai-bot: hypothesis of the emergence of a conscious AI model in short-term.

<< GPT-4 is often heralded as a leading commercial AI offering, sparking debates over its potential as a steppingstone toward artificial general intelligence. But does it possess consciousness? >>

AA paper << investigates this key question using the nine qualitative measurements of the Building Blocks theory. GPT-4's design, architecture and implementation are compared to each of the building blocks of consciousness to determine whether it has achieved the requisite milestones to be classified as conscious or, if not, how close to consciousness GPT-4 is. >>

AA << assessment is that, while GPT-4 in its native configuration is not currently conscious, current technological research and development is sufficient to modify GPT-4 to have all the building blocks of consciousness. Consequently, (AA) argue that the emergence of a conscious AI model is plausible in the near term. >>️

Izak Tait, Joshua Bensemann, Ziqi Wang. Is GPT-4 conscious? arXiv: 2407.09517v1 [cs.AI]. Jun 19, 2024.
https://arxiv.org/abs/2407.09517

Also: ai (artificial intell) in https://www.inkgmr.net/kwrds.html 

Keywords: ai, artificial intelligence, gpt-4, consciousness


sabato 25 marzo 2023

# life: apropos of AI chatbots, a hypothetical nightmare (for professional writers).


<< Nearly half of white-collar professionals have tried using ChatGPT to help with their work, according to a recent survey of more than 10,000 people at blue chips such as Google, JP Morgan and McKinsey. That’s staggering, considering the AI chatbot was only released to the public in November. It’s potentially very exciting for the future of work, but it also brings serious risks. >>️

<< Jobs involving significant amounts of writing will inevitably be affected most, such as journalists, academic researchers and policy analysts. >>️

<< For example Mihir Shukla, CEO and founder of California-based software company Automation Anywhere, thinks that “anywhere from 15% to 70% of all the work we do in front of the computer could be automated”. On the other hand a recent McKinsey report suggests that only about 9% of people will have to change careers. Even so, that’s a lot of people. Lower to mid-level employees are likely to be the ones most affected. >>

<< Employers have historically used labour-saving devices to maximise productivity, making people work harder, not smarter or better. Computers and emails, for example, have made work never-ending for many people. >>️

<< There are additionally concerns about the human cost of creating AI chatbots. Kenyan workers, for instance, were paid between US$1 and US$2 (80 pence to £1.60) per hour to train OpenAI’s GPT-3 model, on which ChatGPT is based. Their brief was to make it less toxic by labelling thousands of samples of potentially offensive text so that the platform could learn to detect violent, racist and sexist language. This was so traumatic for the workers that the contractor nearly brought the project to an early end. Unfortunately, there’s likely to be much more of this kind of work to come. >>️

<< Finally, AI chatbots raise fascinating intellectual property issues. >>️
Peter Bloom, Pasi Ahonen. ChatGPT: how to prevent it becoming a nightmare for professional writers. The Conversation. Mar 1, 2023. 


Also 

<< Earlier this week, I was chatting with a policy professor in Washington, DC, who told me that students and colleagues alike are asking about GPT-4 and generative AI: What should they be reading? How much attention should they be paying?
She wanted to know if I had any suggestions, and asked what I thought all the new advances meant for lawmakers. I’ve spent a few days thinking, reading, and chatting with the experts about this, and my answer morphed into this newsletter. So here goes! >>️

Tate Ryan-Mosley. MIT - The Technocrat. Mar 24, 2023. 

Also

AI (co)creators of storytelling ... they don't cry during sad stories, but they could tell when you will. FonT. Dec 2, 2018. 

keyword 'ai' | 'bot' in FonT


keyword 'ia' | 'ai' | 'robota' in Notes
(quasi-stochastic poetry)



Keywords: life, ai, ia, artificial intelligence, bot, robota, chatbot, GPT-3, GPT-4, chatGPT, chatBARD, chatERNIE, chatFIREFLY, chatCLAUDE



sabato 5 novembre 2022

# jazz: a 'Trombiverse' approach, 'hear Beethoven like you've never heard it before'


<< Trombone Champ is the world's first trombone-based rhythm music game. Unlike most music games, you can freely play any note at any time. You're not just following along with the music, you're actually playing the music! >>️

Holy Wow. Trombone Champ. Sep 15, 2022. 


Christopher Livingston. The world's first trombone rhythm game is instantly a GOTY contender. Sep21, 2022.

cit. @RhiannonJudithW. The Download. MIT. Sep 22, 2022.

FonT

a working hypothesis: anyone could summarize, filtering life-data through an artificial intelligence, the salient episodes of one's own existence through an approach of this type ... 

Also

'jazz' in FonT

'jazz' | 'jazzy' | 'funky' |  in FonT (twitter)

'jazz' in Notes 
(quasi-stochastic poetry)

'ai' | 'bot' in FonT


'ia' | 'ai' | 'robota' in Notes 
(quasi-stochastic poetry)



Keywords: jazz, life, music, trombone,  games, ai, artificial intelligence



sabato 24 settembre 2022

# art: generating images from text

This image was generated by the new open source AI art generator Stable Diffusion

My inserted text:
"Are you ready for all this?"

<< I’m Melissa Heikkilä, MIT Technology Review’s senior reporter for AI. I’m so happy you’re here. Every week I will demystify the latest AI breakthroughs and cut through the hype. This week, I want to talk to you about some of the unforeseen consequences that might come from one of the hottest areas of AI: text-to-image generation. 
Text-to-image AI models are a lot of fun. Enter any random text prompt, and they will generate an image in that vein. Sometimes the results are really silly. But increasingly, they're impressive, and can pass for high-quality art drawn by a human being.  >>️

Melissa Heikkila. The Algorithm. MIT Tech Rev. Sep 19, 2022. 


Also 

keyword 'ai' | 'bot' in FonT



keyword 'ia' | 'ai' | 'robota' in Notes (quasi- stochastic poetry)




Keywords: art, ai, artificial intelligence, bot, robota


mercoledì 29 giugno 2022

# life: sull'improvviso risveglio da sonni fanciulli ...

Risvegliati improvvisamente, bruscamente, irreversibilmente da sonni fanciulli, fantasmatici, campati in aria, dal petroliere guerriero Mr Vlad ( Vladimir Vladimirovic Putin   https://it.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vladimir_Putin ) ecco qui qualche assolutamente ipotetica macro conseguenza (a,b,c) a cascata per l'Europa (Italia inclusa) che accompagnerebbe l'Europa graziosamente fino al prossimo secolo,  e forse anche oltre; forse chissà quante decine se non centinaia di generazioni potrebbero esserne loro malgrado coinvolte.

(a) 
Un ruolo di possibile mediatore della Russia tra Occidente e Oriente, tra Europa e Cina si è evaporato, dissolto, dopo le in.credibili  performance del guerriero dalle latte rugginose Mr Vlad, fautore di approccio eugenetico arcaico.

In sintesi:  Ti accucci meco? Vivrai (i.e. sopravviverai, forse). Non ti accucci? Sarai svuotato, duplicato, cancellato, terminato, fisicamente terminato; Te medesimo, la Famiglia, l'eventuali tuoi Amici, Compari di merenda e Ospiti di casa (gatto, cane, canarini in gabbietta, senza escludere i topi del solaio e della cantina). E' solo questione di tempo ... 

Qui la strategia di Mr Vlad sembra superare quella più sociale, benevola, compassionevole (se così si può dire) dell'altrettanto arcaico approccio metodologico Abanese diretto verso il colpevole di indicibile SAC Sgarro-Al-Clan (Codice Kanun o Kanuni, detto anche Canone di Leke Dukagjini, graziosamente riprodotto in qualche sua parte anche altrove, perfino in contesti insospettabili).

In sintesi:  hai sgarrato il Codice perciò sei colpevole; stai confinato tra le mura domestiche e vivrai; esci e verrai immediatamente terminato. Solo in qualche particolare caso potrai uscire e sopravvivere se e solo se accompagnato dalla femmina.

(b) 
Indipendentemente dalla afferenza alla NATO, all'ONU, etc, alle politiche di governo locale, gli Stati dell'Europa (Russia compresa), per la propria sopravvivenza giornaliera, pagheranno  Royalties a Cina per l'uso di qualsivoglia tech. Per capirsi: sarà indispensabile pagare Royalties alla Cina anche per servirsi di hitech-WC pei giornalieri fisiologici indispensabili pissiolamenti. 

A margine: si potrebbe ipotizzare la diffusione, timida e via via sempre più veloce, a progressione autocatalitica, di immagini di Mr Richard Nixon ( Potus  1969-1974 ) ( https://it.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richard_Nixon ) ( https://it.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comunicato_di_Shanghai ) che potrebbe essere indicato dal Gov Cinese come "Nixon, vero autentico indimenticabile amico occidentale della nazione" 

(c) 
Chi saranno gli esattori? I Cinesi no, non penso proprio; probabilmente l'incarico di riscuotere le giornaliere ricche Royalties verrà conferito dalla Cina a Stati e Popoli dell'Africa sub-Sahariana.  Questo approccio esprimerebbe componenti legali difficilmente contestabili e se ben giocato rifletterebbe perfino componenti etiche, di giustizia sociale.

Ovviamente (a,b,c) è un sunto di  ipotetico vaticinio, perciò assolutamente generico, soggettivo, allo stato indimostrabile.  

Codice Kanun. Vers. 14 Set 2021 14:30
by Andrys8. 


Eugenetica 


Anche

keyword 'naked' in FonT
(qui una incredibile convergenza)


Anche

Immagini #CTZ, cicliche fantasmatiche pervasive visioni ricorrenti. FonT. Jun 29,  2019.


JARexit: the ironic probabilistic upshot of the itinerant, escaping IR77, Promobot. FonT. Jun 25, 2016.




PS: l'immagine senz'altro suggestiva "Risvegliati improvvisamente, bruscamente, irreversibilmente da sonni fanciulli, fantasmatici, campati in aria," meriterebbe una Nota poetica, quasistocastica perfino ( https://inkpi.blogspot.com ), ma mi astengo. 

Keywords: life, War, Vladimir Putin, Russia, Ucraina, Ukraine, Cina, China, Europa, Europe, vaticinio, forecast


martedì 10 agosto 2021

# ai.bot: a mechanism of analogy could be the master key to achieving an abstract artificial intelligence

<< It’s understanding the essence of a situation by mapping it to another situation that is already understood, (..) If you tell me a story and I say, ‘Oh, the same thing happened to me,’ literally the same thing did not happen to me that happened to you, but I can make a mapping that makes it seem very analogous. It’s something that we humans do all the time without even realizing we’re doing it. We’re swimming in this sea of analogies constantly. >> Melanie Mitchell.
John Pavlus. The Computer Scientist Training AI to Think With Analogies. QuantaMag. Jul 14, 2021.



Also

here a fuzzy example:  "qui non e' impossibile immaginare ..." (here it is not impossible to imagine ... )
in: Notes. Dec 31, 2015 (quasi-stochastic poetry)


keyword 'gst' (general system theory) in FonT 


keyword 'organoids' in FonT


keyword 'ai' | 'bot' in FonT



keyword 'ia' | 'ai' | 'robota' in Notes (quasi-stochastic poetry)






sabato 29 maggio 2021

# ai.bot: from stochastic parrot to quasi-stochastic speaking (mimetic) entity, the next steps of LLMs AI phrasing algorithms ... Are you ready?

<< Soon enough, all of our digital interactions—when we email, search, or post on social media—will be filtered through LLMs. (i.e. large language model (LLM)—a deep-learning algorithm trained on enormous amounts of text data) >>️

 << it’s the gap between what LLMs are and what they aspire to be that has concerned a growing number of researchers. LLMs are effectively the world’s most powerful autocomplete technologies. By ingesting millions of sentences, paragraphs, and even samples of dialogue, they learn the statistical patterns that govern how each of these elements should be assembled in a sensible order. This means LLMs can enhance certain activities: for example, they are good for creating more interactive and conversationally fluid chatbots that follow a well-established script. But they do not actually understand what they’re reading or saying. >>

<< We can’t really stop this craziness around large language models, where everybody wants to train them, (..) But what we can do is try to nudge this in a direction that is in the end more beneficial. >> Thomas Wolf.️

<< "Language technology can be very, very useful when it is appropriately scoped and situated and framed," (Emily Bender) (..) But the general-purpose nature of LLMs—and the persuasiveness of their mimicry—entices companies to use them in areas they aren’t necessarily equipped for. >> ️

Karen Hao. The race to understand the exhilarating, dangerous world of language AI. Tech Rev. May 20, 2021. 


"Stochastic parrots" (by Timnit Gebru) in: 


Also

Notes (quasi-stochastic poetry) 




sabato 1 maggio 2021

# life: I'm sorry, but this image has no predictive value

this image has no predictive value;  the Bot (relatively omniscient) will indicate the direction;  the Human (mumble grumble) will not be able to do other than walk it ... you bet, it's just a matter of time, relatively short time ... Are You Ready?

the image from  https://twitter.com/LDO_CTIO   (screenshot taken on Feb 25th, 2021 09:55 CET)

keyword 'ai' | 'bot' in FonT



keyword 'ia' | 'ai' | 'robota' in Notes (quasi- stochastic poetry)




giovedì 1 aprile 2021

# behav: a case of extreme human-proto-bot love

TUKO.co.ke << has learnt Yuri Tolochko married his beautiful doll fiancee Margo in a traditional ceremony to mark their 18-month relationship. According to The Sun, the 'wedding' was official as it had a celebrant and a dozen of excited guests who could not keep calm after watching Yuri's romantic first dance with his doll. TUKO.co.ke accessed a video from the event which was posted on Instagram and it showed how stunning Yuri looked in his smart black dinner suit and bow tie, with his 'bride' rocking a lacy white wedding gown. >> 

Tuko. Yuri Tolochko: Bodybuilder marries doll after months of romance.


Magda Ibrahim. LOVE ISN'T DEAD. Bizarre moment bodybuilder MARRIES sex doll in creepy ceremony saying she’s a ‘tender soul inside’. Nov 25, 2020.


Hannah Frishberg. Bodybuilder proposes to sex doll after getting it plastic surgery. Dec10, 2019. 


Also

All things have a bit of soul. FonT. Apr 26, 2018.


Gabe Ibáñez. Autómata. Movie. (2014).





martedì 30 marzo 2021

# ai: how a bot could start playing experimentally (as if it were a video game)

<< Inspired by the mastery of artificial intelligence (AI) over games like Go and Super Mario, scientists (..) trained an AI agent -- an autonomous computational program that observes and acts -- how to conduct research experiments at superhuman levels by using the same approach.  >>

<< Since time at our facility is a precious resource, it is our responsibility to be good stewards of that; this means we need to find ways to use this resource more efficiently so that we can enable more science, (..) One bottleneck is us, the humans who are measuring the samples. We come up with an initial strategy, but adjust it on the fly during the measurement to ensure everything is running smoothly. But we can't watch the measurement all the time because we also need to eat, sleep and do more than just run the experiment." >> Daniel Olds.️

<< This is why we taught an AI agent to conduct scientific experiments as if they were video games. This allows a robot to run the experiment, while we -- humans -- are not there. It enables round-the-clock, fully remote, hands-off experimentation with roughly twice the efficiency that humans can achieve, >> Phillip Maffettone.️
After AIs mastered Go and Super Mario, scientists have taught them how to 'play' experiments. DOE/ Brookhaven National Laboratory. March 25, 2021.


Phillip M Maffettone, Joshua K Lynch, et al.   Gaming the beamlines— employing reinforcement learning to maximize scientific outcomes at large-scale user facilities. Machine Learning: Science and Technology, 2 (2): 025025 doi: 10.1088/ 2632-2153/abc9fc. Mar 25, 2021.


Also

Anomalous formation of molecules after vapor deposition. FonT. Dec 31, 2015.


keyword 'ai' | 'bot' in FonT



keyword 'ia' | 'ai' | 'robota' in Notes (quasi- stochastic poetry)






sabato 27 febbraio 2021

# life: even when you play classic (e.g. Montezuma's Revenge), bots win.

<< A team of researchers (..) has developed a set of learning algorithms that proved to be better at playing classic video games than human players or other AI systems. >>

They << explain how their algorithms differ from others and why they believe they have applications in robotics, language processing and even designing new drugs. >>

<< Reinforcement learning algorithms learn how to do things by synthesizing information provided in a large dataset- they recognize patterns and use them to make guesses about new data. (..) But, (..) such algorithms tend to run into trouble when they encounter data that does not fit with other data in the dataset. (AA) have overcome this problem by adding an algorithm that remembers all the paths a previous algorithm has taken as it has tried to solve a problem. When it finds a data point that does not appear to be correct, it goes back to its memory map and tries another route. In terms of playing video games, it retains screen grabs as it plays and when it finds itself losing, goes back to another point in the game and tries another approach. The algorithm also groups together images that look similar to figure out what point in time it should return to if things go awry. >>

<< They then used their system to play 55 Atari games that, over time, have become benchmarks for testing AI systems. The new system beat other AI systems 85.5 percent of the time. It did particularly well at Montezuma's Revenge, scoring higher than any other AI system and beating the record for a human. >>

Bob Yirka. Reinforcement learning algorithms score higher than humans, other AI systems at classic video games. Feb 25, 2021.


Ecoffet A, Huizinga J, et al. First return, then explore. Nature 590, 580–586. doi: 10.1038/ s41586-020-03157-9. Feb 25, 2021.


Also

keyword 'AI' | 'bot' in FonT



keyword 'ia' | 'ai' | 'robota' in Notes (quasi- stochastic poetry)










lunedì 19 ottobre 2020

# ai-bot: use of soft labels with 'less than one'-shot task in AI learning models

<< Deep neural networks require large training sets but suffer from high computational cost and long training times. Training on much smaller training sets while maintaining nearly the same accuracy would be very beneficial. In the few-shot learning setting, a model must learn a new class given only a small number of samples from that class. One-shot learning is an extreme form of few-shot learning where the model must learn a new class from a single example. (AA)  propose the 'less than one'-shot learning task where models must learn N new classes given only M<N examples and (they) show that this is achievable with the help of soft labels. >>

Ilia Sucholutsky, Matthias Schonlau. 'Less Than One'-Shot Learning: Learning N Classes From M<N Samples. arXiv:2009.08449v1. Sep 17, 2020


Karen Hao. A radical new technique lets AI learn with practically no data. Oct 16, 2020.  


FonT: sara' verosimilmente intrigante osservare come una 'macchina AI' sapra' esercitare sugli umani il potere di cooptazione ...


lunedì 12 ottobre 2020

# chem: choose a molecule from an online 'Spotify' for chemistry and synthesize it with a desktop-sized bot

AA << have found a way to create new sets of instructions for robot chemists by harnessing the power of natural language processing. They developed a computer program called SynthReader to scan through scientific papers and recognize sections which outline procedures for organic and inorganic chemical synthesis. Synthreader automatically breaks those procedures down to simple instructions and stores them in a format the team call Chemical Description Language, or XDL, which is a new open source language for describing chemical and material synthesis. Those XDL files are chemical instructions which can in principle be read any chemical robot in. The team built an easy-to-use interface called ChemIDE to integrate with any robotic chemist system and allow the XDL instructions to be turned into chemicals. The only human input required is ensuring that the equipment the robot needs to make the molecules is set up correctly. >>

'Digital chemistry' breakthrough turns words into molecules. University of Glasgow. Oct 2, 2020. 


S. Hessam M. Mehr, Matthew Craven, et al. A universal system for digitization and automatic execution of the chemical synthesis literature. Science. Vol. 370, Issue 6512, pp. 101-108. doi: 10.1126/ science.abc2986. Oct 2, 2020.





lunedì 22 giugno 2020

# bots: tiny machinery, nanobots (molecule-sized bots) from 1k to millions swarming together to perform tasks

<< Multi-disciplinary research has led to the innovative fabrication of molecule-sized robots. Scientists are now advancing their efforts to make these robots interact and work together in the millions. >>

AA << have made molecular robots with three key components: microtubules, single-stranded DNA, and a light-sensing chemical compound. The microtubules act as the molecular robot's motor, converting chemical energy into mechanical work. The DNA strands act as the information processor due to its incredible ability to store data and perform multiple functions simultaneously. The chemical compound, azobenzene derivative, is able to sense light, acting as the molecular robot's on/off switch. (..) (They) have successfully controlled the shape of those swarms by tuning the length and rigidity of the microtubules. Relatively stiff robots swarm in uni-directional, linear bundles, while more flexible ones form rotating, ring-shaped swarms.>>

<< A continuing challenge, though, is making separate groups of robots swarm at the same time, but in different patterns. This is needed to perform multiple tasks simultaneously. >>

Scientists working to make molecule-sized robots swarm together to perform tasks. National Institute for Materials Science. Jun 18, 2020.


Arif Md. Rashedul Kabir, Daisuke Inoue,  Akira Kakugo. Molecular swarm robots: recent progress and future challenges.  Science and Technology of Advanced Materials. 21:1, 323-332. doi: 10.1080/ 14686996.2020.1761761. Jun 16, 2020. 


Also

keyword 'bot' in FonT





mercoledì 13 maggio 2020

# gst: the generation of solitary waves to move and direct a pulse-drive bot

<< The unique properties of nonlinear waves have been recently exploited to enable a wide range of applications, including impact mitigation, asymmetric transmission, switching, and focusing. (..) (AA) demonstrate that the propagation of nonlinear waves can be as well harnessed to make flexible structures crawl. By combining experimental and theoretical methods, (they) show that such pulse-driven locomotion reaches a maximum efficiency when the initiated pulses are solitons and that (their) simple machine can move on a wide range of surfaces and even steer. >>

<< nonlinear waves (..) demonstrates that they offer a new platform to make flexible machines to move. >>

Bolei Deng, Liyuan Chen, et al. Pulse-driven robot: Motion via solitary waves. Science Advances. Vol. 6, no. 18, eaaz1166. doi: 10.1126/ sciadv.aaz1166. May 1, 2020. 


Pulse-driven robot: Motion via solitary waves. Thamarasee Jeewandara. May 8, 2020.