# gst: to find a separation between plunging and spilling wave breakers

<< While understanding breaking waves is crucial for the development of parametrizations used in ocean wave modeling for both deep and shallow water, the complete process of wave breaking is not well understood. Here (AA) present direct numerical simulations of two-dimensional solitary waves that shoal and break on a uniform beach in shallow water, with the presence of storm surge represented by an inshore region. >>️

They << classify wave breaker types and find a separation between plunging and spilling breakers when scaled by breaking amplitude and depth. (AA) compare energy dissipation during the breaking process with results from the literature without storm surge.  >>️

They << conclude that a previously developed shallow-water inertial dissipation model for wave breaking on a uniform slope can be extended to this storm surge environment with good data collapse, and further discuss possibilities for a general parametrization of wave breaking valid across different depth regimes. >>️

Hunter Boswell, Guirong Yan, Wouter Mostert. Characterizing energy dissipation of shallow-water wave breaking in a storm surge. Phys. Rev. Fluids 8, 054801. May 5, 2023. 

https://journals.aps.org/prfluids/abstract/10.1103/PhysRevFluids.8.054801

Also: waves, soliton, drop, in https://www.inkgmr.net/kwrds.html

Keywords: gst, waves, soliton, drop 

# life: exponential post-Donald (without Donald), how AI could interfere (drive) next political elections.

<< Recent news that the Republican National Committee (RNC) has used an AI-generated video to criticize Joe Biden shows how likely AI is to transform our upcoming elections. >>️

<< Through templates that are easy and inexpensive to use, we are going to face a Wild West of campaign claims and counter-claims, with limited ability to distinguish fake from real material and uncertainty regarding how these appeals will affect the election. >>️

<< In the coming year, response times may drop to minutes, not hours or days. AI can scan the internet, think about strategy, and come up with a hard-hitting appeal. >>️

<< AI provides an inexpensive way to generate instant responses without having to rely on highly-paid consultants or expert videographers. >>️

<< AI enables very precise audience targeting, which is crucial in political campaigns. >>️

<< AI likely will democratize disinformation by bringing sophisticated tools to the average person interested in promoting their preferred candidates as well. People no longer must be coding experts or video wizards to generate text, images, video, or programs. They don’t necessarily have to work for a troll farm to create havoc with the opposition. They can simply use advanced technologies to spread the messages they want. In that sense, anyone can become a political content creator and seek to sway voters or the media. >>️

Darrell M. West. How AI will transform the 2024 elections. May 3, 2023.

https://www.brookings.edu/blog/techtank/2023/05/03/how-ai-will-transform-the-2024-elections/

Also: 'ai', 'analogy', 'Potus', 'RAG-time', 'CTZ', 'Donald' in https://www.inkgmr.net/kwrds.html

Keywords: life, ai, analogy, potus, RAG, CTZ, Donald

# gst: nematic order condensation and topological defects in inertial active nematics

<< Living materials at different length scales manifest active nematic features such as orientational order, nematic topological defects, and active nematic turbulence. Using numerical simulations (AA) investigate the impact of fluid inertia on the collective pattern formation in active nematics. >>️

<< an incremental increase in inertial effects due to reduced viscosity results in gradual melting of nematic order with an increase in topological defect density before a discontinuous transition to a vortex-condensate state. The emergent vortex-condensate state at low enough viscosities coincides with nematic order condensation within the giant vortices and the drop in the density of topological defects. (AA) further show flow field around topological defects is substantially affected by inertial effects. (..) no evidence of universal scaling at higher viscosities. >>

️

Roozbeh Saghatchi, Mehmet Yildiz, Amin Doostmohammadi. Nematic order condensation and topological defects in inertial active nematics. Phys. Rev. E 106, 014705. July 25, 2022.

https://journals.aps.org/pre/abstract/10.1103/PhysRevE.106.014705

Also: 'turbulence', 'vortex', 'defect', 'drop' in https://www.inkgmr.net/kwrds.html

Keywords: gst, behavior, collective behavior, patterns, turbulence, nematic turbulence, viscosity, vortex, defect, drop

# gst: riddles of the sphinx tilings, when at low temperatures you could find a chiral order.

<< The sphinx tile, a hexiamond composed of six equilateral triangles in the shape of a sphinx, has interesting and complex tiling behavior due to its chirality and asymmetry. >>️

<< for larger frames (AA) introduce a Monte Carlo (MC) method to create randomized tilings. Key to the latter is the identification of fundamental shapes ("polyads") that have multiple tilings and allow a rejection-free MC move once the polyad is identified. >>

AA << also introduce an Ising-like chiral interaction energy between neighboring sphinx tiles and study how the system behaves as a function of temperature; at low temperatures, chiral ordering is found. >>️

Greg Huber, Craig Knecht, Walter Trump, Robert M. Ziff. Riddles of the sphinx tilings. arXiv: 2304.14388v2 [cond-mat.stat-mech]. May 1, 2023.

https://arxiv.org/abs/2304.14388

Also: 'chiral', 'disorder' in https://www.inkgmr.net/kwrds.html

Keywords: gst, sphinx, sphinx tiles, chirality, asymmetry

# jazz: that was his backup band.

<< Before Belafonte (Harry Belafonte)  could even open his mouth he was joined onstage by bassist Tommy Potter, drummer Max Roach and saxophonist Charlie Parker. Unbeknownst to the young newcomer, the all-star quartet wanted to make sure his first gig was a success. >>

<< “That was my backup band,” Belafonte remembered of the surreal experience. “A little bit later Miles Davis stepped in somewhat reluctantly, but he didn’t want to miss anything … he didn’t miss much anyway. But this is how I was launched into the music business.” >>️

Keith Murphy. Harry Belafonte’s singing career started as an intermission filler at a jazz club.  Only a few years later, he became the first solo artist to sell a million copies of a record. @murphdogg29. April 28, 2023 

https://andscape.com/features/harry-belafontes-singing-career-started-as-an-intermission-filler-at-a-jazz-club

<< By the 1950s, Belafonte was also singing, finding gigs at the Blue Note, the Vanguard and other clubs — he was backed for one performance by Charlie Parker and Max Roach — and becoming immersed in folk, blues, jazz and the calypso he had heard while living in Jamaica. >>

Hillel Italie. Harry Belafonte, activist and entertainer, dies at 96. April 25, 2023. 

https://apnews.com/article/harry-belafonte-dead-2d8cbdf0043e4383a6c4a85c862cdbe1

Also: 'jazz' in https://www.inkgmr.net/kwrds.html

Keywords: jazz, life

# gst: pattern generation through turbulent cascades

<< Fully developed turbulence is a universal and scale-invariant chaotic state characterized by an energy cascade from large to small scales where the cascade is eventually arrested by dissipation. In this Letter, (AA) show how to harness these seemingly structureless turbulent cascades to generate patterns. Conceptually, pattern or structure formation entails a process of wavelength selection: patterns typically arise from the linear instability of a homogeneous state. By contrast, the mechanism (they) propose here is fully non-linear and triggered by a non-dissipative arrest of turbulent cascades. Instead of being dissipated, energy piles up at intermediate scales. Using a combination of theory and large-scale simulations, (AA) show that the tunable wavelength of these cascade-induced patterns is set by a non-dissipative transport coefficient called odd or gyro viscosity. This non-dissipative viscosity is ubiquitous in chiral systems (..). Beyond chiral fluids, cascade-induced pattern formation could occur in natural systems (..) as well as in industrial processes (..). >>

Xander M. de Wit, Michel Fruchart, et al. Pattern formation by non-dissipative arrest of turbulent cascades. arXiv: 2304.10444v1 [cond-mat.soft]. Apr 20, 2023.

https://arxiv.org/abs/2304.10444

Also: 'turbulence', 'vortex', 'game', 'evolution', 'ai' in https://www.inkgmr.net/kwrds.html

Keywords: gst, vortex, vorticity,  turbulence, turbulent cascade, pattern formation, game, evolution, ai (artificial intelligence)

# gst: like the slender body theory, the effect of curvature on the diffusion of colloidal bananas.

<< Anisotropic colloidal particles exhibit complex dynamics which play a crucial role in their functionality, transport, and phase behavior.  >>️

AA << investigate the two-dimensional diffusion of smoothly curved colloidal rods—also known as colloidal bananas—as a function of their opening angle α >>️

<< the experimental results are consistent with slender body theory, indicating that the dynamical behavior of the particles arises primarily from their local drag anisotropy. These results highlight the impact of curvature on the Brownian motion of elongated colloidal particles, which must be taken into account when seeking to understand the behavior of curved colloidal particles. >>️

Justin-Aurel Ulbrich, Carla Fernández-Rico, et al. Effect of curvature on the diffusion of colloidal bananas. Phys. Rev. E 107, L042602. April 21, 2023.

https://journals.aps.org/pre/abstract/10.1103/PhysRevE.107.L042602

Img: https://twitter.com/PhysRevE/status/1650782974722338816

Also: gst, particle, in https://www.inkgmr.net/kwrds.html

Keywords: gst, colloids, particles, behavior